Update Astro to 5.16.6

Signed-off-by: Alexander Lyall <alex@adcm.uk>

.gitea/workflows/pre-release.yaml

@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-name: Pre-release on non-main branches
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches-ignore: [ main ]
-  workflow_dispatch:
-
-jobs:
-  prerelease:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout (full history + tags)
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        with:
-          fetch-depth: 0
-
-      - name: Stop if this is the bot changelog commit
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -e
-          msg="$(git log -1 --pretty=%B)"
-          echo "$msg" | tr -d '\r' | grep -qi "\[skip ci\]" && {
-            echo "Skipping (bot commit with [skip ci])"
-            exit 0
-          } || true
-
-      - name: Install git-cliff
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -e
-          GIT_CLIFF_VERSION="2.11.0"
-          URL="https://github.com/orhun/git-cliff/releases/download/v${GIT_CLIFF_VERSION}/git-cliff-${GIT_CLIFF_VERSION}-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz"
-          curl -L "$URL" -o /tmp/git-cliff.tar.gz
-          tar -xzf /tmp/git-cliff.tar.gz -C /tmp
-          sudo install /tmp/git-cliff-*/git-cliff /usr/local/bin/git-cliff
-          git-cliff --version
-
-      - name: Generate CHANGELOG.md (in runner only)
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -e
-          git-cliff --config cliff.toml --output CHANGELOG.md
-          test -s CHANGELOG.md
-
-      - name: Extract newest changelog section for pre-release body
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -e
-          awk '
-            /^## / { if (seen) exit; seen=1 }
-            seen { print }
-          ' CHANGELOG.md > RELEASE_NOTES.md
-
-          sed -i 's/[[:space:]]*$//' RELEASE_NOTES.md
-          test -s RELEASE_NOTES.md
-
-      - name: Create export zip (Computing:Box Website.zip)
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -e
-          if [ ! -d "export" ]; then
-            echo "❌ export/ folder not found in repo root"
-            ls -la
-            exit 1
-          fi
-
-          rm -f "Computing:Box Website.zip"
-          (cd export && zip -r "../Computing:Box Website.zip" .)
-          test -s "Computing:Box Website.zip"
-          ls -lh "Computing:Box Website.zip"
-
-      - name: Prepare pre-release tag + name
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -e
-
-          # Get branch name from ref: refs/heads/feature/x -> feature/x
-          ref="${GITHUB_REF#refs/heads/}"
-          # Make it tag-safe: lowercase, / -> -, remove invalid chars, collapse repeats
-          safe_branch="$(echo "$ref" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' | sed -E 's#[^a-z0-9._-]+#-#g; s#-+#-#g; s#(^-|-$)##g')"
-
-          VERSION="$(date -u +'%y.%m.%d')"
-          SHORT_SHA="$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)"
-
-          # Pre-release tag format:
-          # vYY.MM.DD-pre.<branch>.<sha>
-          TAG="v${VERSION}-pre.${safe_branch}.${SHORT_SHA}"
-
-          # Release name shown in UI
-          RELEASE_NAME="Computing:Box pre-release (${ref}) v${VERSION}"
-
-          echo "TAG=$TAG" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-          echo "RELEASE_NAME=$RELEASE_NAME" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-          echo "ZIP_PATH=Computing:Box Website.zip" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-          echo "BRANCH_NAME=$ref" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
-
-          echo "Using tag: $TAG"
-          echo "Release name: $RELEASE_NAME"
-
-      - name: Create and push tag (CHANGELOG_PAT)
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          CHANGELOG_PAT: ${{ secrets.CHANGELOG_PAT }}
-        run: |
-          set -e
-
-          git tag -f "$TAG"
-
-          origin_url="$(git remote get-url origin)"
-
-          # Convert SSH origin to HTTPS if needed
-          if echo "$origin_url" | grep -q "^git@"; then
-            host="$(echo "$origin_url" | sed -E 's#git@([^:]+):.*#\1#')"
-            path="$(echo "$origin_url" | sed -E 's#git@[^:]+:(.*)#\1#')"
-            origin_url="https://$host/$path"
-          fi
-
-          authed_url="$(echo "$origin_url" | sed -E "s#^https://#https://oauth2:${CHANGELOG_PAT}@#")"
-          git push "$authed_url" "refs/tags/$TAG" --force
-
-      - name: Create Gitea pre-release + upload asset (CHANGELOG_PAT)
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          CHANGELOG_PAT: ${{ secrets.CHANGELOG_PAT }}
-        run: |
-          set -e
-
-          origin_url="$(git remote get-url origin)"
-          if echo "$origin_url" | grep -q "^git@"; then
-            host="$(echo "$origin_url" | sed -E 's#git@([^:]+):.*#\1#')"
-            path="$(echo "$origin_url" | sed -E 's#git@[^:]+:(.*)#\1#')"
-            origin_url="https://$host/$path"
-          fi
-
-          base="$(echo "$origin_url" | sed -E 's#(https?://[^/]+)/.*#\1#')"
-          repo_path="$(echo "$origin_url" | sed -E 's#https?://[^/]+/##')"
-          repo_path="$(echo "$repo_path" | sed -E 's/\.git$//')"
-
-          owner="$(echo "$repo_path" | cut -d/ -f1)"
-          repo="$(echo "$repo_path" | cut -d/ -f2-)"
-
-          api="$base/api/v1"
-
-          python3 - <<'PY'
-          import json, os
-          tag = os.environ["TAG"]
-          name = os.environ["RELEASE_NAME"]
-          branch = os.environ.get("BRANCH_NAME", "")
-
-          with open("RELEASE_NOTES.md", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
-              body = f.read()
-
-          # Add a small pre-release banner at the top
-          banner = f"⚠️ Pre-release build from branch `{branch}`\n\n"
-          payload = {
-              "tag_name": tag,
-              "target_commitish": branch if branch else "main",
-              "name": name,
-              "body": banner + body,
-              "draft": False,
-              "prerelease": True,
-          }
-
-          with open("release.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
-              json.dump(payload, f)
-          PY
-
-          curl -sS -X POST \
-            -H "Authorization: Bearer ${CHANGELOG_PAT}" \
-            -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-            "${api}/repos/${owner}/${repo}/releases" \
-            --data-binary @release.json \
-            -o release_response.json
-
-          release_id="$(python3 - <<'PY'
-          import json
-          with open("release_response.json","r",encoding="utf-8") as f:
-              data=json.load(f)
-          rid=data.get("id")
-          if not rid:
-              raise SystemExit("No release id returned. Response:\n" + json.dumps(data, indent=2))
-          print(rid)
-          PY
-          )"
-          echo "Created pre-release id: $release_id"
-
-          curl -sS -X POST \
-            -H "Authorization: Bearer ${CHANGELOG_PAT}" \
-            "${api}/repos/${owner}/${repo}/releases/${release_id}/assets?name=Computing%3ABox%20Website.zip" \
-            -F "attachment=@${ZIP_PATH}" \
-            >/dev/null
-
-          echo "✅ Pre-release created: ${RELEASE_NAME} (tag: ${TAG}) with asset uploaded"

LICENSE

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+     Rights (but not its individual contents) is Adapted Material,
+     including for purposes of Section 3(b); and
+
+  c. You must comply with the conditions in Section 3(a) if You Share
+     all or a substantial portion of the contents of the database.
+
+For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 4 supplements and does not
+replace Your obligations under this Public License where the Licensed
+Rights include other Copyright and Similar Rights.
+
+
+Section 5 -- Disclaimer of Warranties and Limitation of Liability.
+
+  a. UNLESS OTHERWISE SEPARATELY UNDERTAKEN BY THE LICENSOR, TO THE
+     EXTENT POSSIBLE, THE LICENSOR OFFERS THE LICENSED MATERIAL AS-IS
+     AND AS-AVAILABLE, AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES OF
+     ANY KIND CONCERNING THE LICENSED MATERIAL, WHETHER EXPRESS,
+     IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR OTHER. THIS INCLUDES, WITHOUT LIMITATION,
+     WARRANTIES OF TITLE, MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+     PURPOSE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, ABSENCE OF LATENT OR OTHER DEFECTS,
+     ACCURACY, OR THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF ERRORS, WHETHER OR NOT
+     KNOWN OR DISCOVERABLE. WHERE DISCLAIMERS OF WARRANTIES ARE NOT
+     ALLOWED IN FULL OR IN PART, THIS DISCLAIMER MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
+
+  b. TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE, IN NO EVENT WILL THE LICENSOR BE LIABLE
+     TO YOU ON ANY LEGAL THEORY (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION,
+     NEGLIGENCE) OR OTHERWISE FOR ANY DIRECT, SPECIAL, INDIRECT,
+     INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE, EXEMPLARY, OR OTHER LOSSES,
+     COSTS, EXPENSES, OR DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THIS PUBLIC LICENSE OR
+     USE OF THE LICENSED MATERIAL, EVEN IF THE LICENSOR HAS BEEN
+     ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH LOSSES, COSTS, EXPENSES, OR
+     DAMAGES. WHERE A LIMITATION OF LIABILITY IS NOT ALLOWED IN FULL OR
+     IN PART, THIS LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
+
+  c. The disclaimer of warranties and limitation of liability provided
+     above shall be interpreted in a manner that, to the extent
+     possible, most closely approximates an absolute disclaimer and
+     waiver of all liability.
+
+
+Section 6 -- Term and Termination.
+
+  a. This Public License applies for the term of the Copyright and
+     Similar Rights licensed here. However, if You fail to comply with
+     this Public License, then Your rights under this Public License
+     terminate automatically.
+
+  b. Where Your right to use the Licensed Material has terminated under
+     Section 6(a), it reinstates:
+
+       1. automatically as of the date the violation is cured, provided
+          it is cured within 30 days of Your discovery of the
+          violation; or
+
+       2. upon express reinstatement by the Licensor.
+
+     For the avoidance of doubt, this Section 6(b) does not affect any
+     right the Licensor may have to seek remedies for Your violations
+     of this Public License.
+
+  c. For the avoidance of doubt, the Licensor may also offer the
+     Licensed Material under separate terms or conditions or stop
+     distributing the Licensed Material at any time; however, doing so
+     will not terminate this Public License.
+
+  d. Sections 1, 5, 6, 7, and 8 survive termination of this Public
+     License.
+
+
+Section 7 -- Other Terms and Conditions.
+
+  a. The Licensor shall not be bound by any additional or different
+     terms or conditions communicated by You unless expressly agreed.
+
+  b. Any arrangements, understandings, or agreements regarding the
+     Licensed Material not stated herein are separate from and
+     independent of the terms and conditions of this Public License.
+
+
+Section 8 -- Interpretation.
+
+  a. For the avoidance of doubt, this Public License does not, and
+     shall not be interpreted to, reduce, limit, restrict, or impose
+     conditions on any use of the Licensed Material that could lawfully
+     be made without permission under this Public License.
+
+  b. To the extent possible, if any provision of this Public License is
+     deemed unenforceable, it shall be automatically reformed to the
+     minimum extent necessary to make it enforceable. If the provision
+     cannot be reformed, it shall be severed from this Public License
+     without affecting the enforceability of the remaining terms and
+     conditions.
+
+  c. No term or condition of this Public License will be waived and no
+     failure to comply consented to unless expressly agreed to by the
+     Licensor.
+
+  d. Nothing in this Public License constitutes or may be interpreted
+     as a limitation upon, or waiver of, any privileges and immunities
+     that apply to the Licensor or You, including from the legal
+     processes of any jurisdiction or authority.
+
+=======================================================================
+
+Creative Commons is not a party to its public
+licenses. Notwithstanding, Creative Commons may elect to apply one of
+its public licenses to material it publishes and in those instances
+will be considered the “Licensor.” The text of the Creative Commons
+public licenses is dedicated to the public domain under the CC0 Public
+Domain Dedication. Except for the limited purpose of indicating that
+material is shared under a Creative Commons public license or as
+otherwise permitted by the Creative Commons policies published at
+creativecommons.org/policies, Creative Commons does not authorize the
+use of the trademark "Creative Commons" or any other trademark or logo
+of Creative Commons without its prior written consent including,
+without limitation, in connection with any unauthorized modifications
+to any of its public licenses or any other arrangements,
+understandings, or agreements concerning use of licensed material. For
+the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the
+public licenses.
+
+Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org.

README.md

@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 # Computing:Box
 An evolution of Bit:Box & CS:Box to incorporate different elements of the UK Computing Curriculum
 
-![Computing:Box Logo](/assets/img/ComputingBox-Logo.png "Computing:Box Logo")
+### Available at:
+- [Personal Gitea Instance](https://git.adcmnetworks.co.uk/alexander.lyall/computing-box),
+- [GitHub](https://github.com/MrLyallCSIT/Computing-Box)
+- [The Official Computing:Box Website](https://www.computingbox.co.uk)
+
+
+<img src="/assets/img/ComputingBox-Logo.png" alt="Computing:Box Logo" width="250px" height="250px"/>
 
 ## Upcoming Features
 ### Original Bit:Box Features (October 2024)
@@ -30,4 +36,15 @@ An evolution of Bit:Box & CS:Box to incorporate different elements of the UK Com
 - [ ] Computer Components Simulator
 
 ## Version 1.0 Release Date: 1<sup>st</sup> September 2025
-## Version 2.0 Release Date (Goal): 1<sup>st</sup> February 2025
+## Version 2.0 Release Date (Goal): 1<sup>st</sup> April 2026
+
+Shield: [![CC BY-NC-SA 4.0][cc-by-nc-sa-shield]][cc-by-nc-sa]
+
+This work is licensed under a
+[Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License][cc-by-nc-sa].
+
+[![CC BY-NC-SA 4.0][cc-by-nc-sa-image]][cc-by-nc-sa]
+
+[cc-by-nc-sa]: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
+[cc-by-nc-sa-image]: https://licensebuttons.net/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png
+[cc-by-nc-sa-shield]: https://img.shields.io/badge/License-CC%20BY--NC--SA%204.0-lightgrey.svg

package-lock.json

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
       "name": "computing-box",
       "version": "0.0.1",
       "dependencies": {
-        "astro": "^5.16.5"
+        "astro": "^5.16.6"
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@astrojs/compiler": {
@@ -1496,6 +1496,7 @@
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@types/node/-/node-25.0.2.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha512-gWEkeiyYE4vqjON/+Obqcoeffmk0NF15WSBwSs7zwVA2bAbTaE0SJ7P0WNGoJn8uE7fiaV5a7dKYIJriEqOrmA==",
       "license": "MIT",
+      "peer": true,
       "dependencies": {
         "undici-types": "~7.16.0"
       }
@@ -1649,9 +1650,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/astro": {
-      "version": "5.16.5",
+      "version": "5.16.6",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/astro/-/astro-5.16.5.tgz",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/astro/-/astro-5.16.6.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-QeuM4xzTR0QuXFDNlGVW0BW7rcquKFIkylaPeM4ufii0/RRiPTYtwxDYVZ3KfiMRuuc+nbLD0214kMKTvz/yvQ==",
+      "integrity": "sha512-6mF/YrvwwRxLTu+aMEa5pwzKUNl5ZetWbTyZCs9Um0F12HUmxUiF5UHiZPy4rifzU3gtpM3xP2DfdmkNX9eZRg==",
       "license": "MIT",
       "dependencies": {
         "@astrojs/compiler": "^2.13.0",
@@ -4170,7 +4171,6 @@
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/rollup/-/rollup-4.53.3.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha512-w8GmOxZfBmKknvdXU1sdM9NHcoQejwF/4mNgj2JuEEdRaHwwF12K7e9eXn1nLZ07ad+du76mkVsyeb2rKGllsA==",
       "license": "MIT",
-      "peer": true,
       "dependencies": {
         "@types/estree": "1.0.8"
       },

package.json

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 {
-  "name": "Computing:Box",
+  "name": "computing-box",
   "type": "module",
-  "version": "2.0.0 Alpha",
+  "version": "0.0.1",
   "scripts": {
     "dev": "astro dev",
     "build": "astro build",
@@ -9,6 +9,6 @@
     "astro": "astro"
   },
   "dependencies": {
-    "astro": "^5.16.5"
+    "astro": "^5.16.6"
   }
-}
+}

public/css/tools/binary.css

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+/* ---------- DSEG7 font ---------- */
+/* Put your font file here:
+   public/fonts/DSEG7Classic-Regular.woff2
+*/
+@font-face {
+  font-family: "DSEG7ClassicRegular";
+  src: url("/fonts/DSEG7Classic-Regular.woff2") format("woff2");
+  font-display: swap;
+}
+
+/* ---------- Layout ---------- */
+.tool-shell {
+  min-height: 100vh;
+  display: grid;
+  place-items: center;
+  padding: 1rem;
+  background: #0b0f14;
+  color: #e7eaf0;
+  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
+}
+
+.tool-card {
+  width: min(1100px, 100%);
+  background: #111824;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
+  border-radius: 18px;
+  padding: 1rem;
+}
+
+.tool-header h1 { margin: 0 0 .25rem 0; font-size: 1.4rem; }
+.tool-header p { margin: 0 0 1rem 0; opacity: .85; }
+
+.display-grid {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
+  gap: .75rem;
+  margin-bottom: .75rem;
+}
+
+.display-box {
+  background: #0b0f14;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
+  border-radius: 14px;
+  padding: .75rem;
+}
+
+.display-label { font-size: .9rem; opacity: .8; margin-bottom: .25rem; }
+
+.sevenseg {
+  font-family: "DSEG7ClassicRegular", monospace;
+  font-size: clamp(2rem, 4vw, 3.2rem);
+  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
+  line-height: 1.1;
+}
+
+/* Buttons under denary/binary (your request) */
+.actions {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  gap: .5rem;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+}
+
+/* ---------- Simple MD3-ish buttons ---------- */
+.md3-btn {
+  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.16);
+  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
+  color: #e7eaf0;
+  padding: .6rem .9rem;
+  border-radius: 999px;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  font-weight: 600;
+}
+.md3-btn:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.10); }
+.md3-btn--tonal { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.10); }
+
+/* ---------- Switches row ---------- */
+.switch-row {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(8, minmax(90px, 1fr));
+  gap: .75rem;
+}
+
+.switch-col {
+  display: grid;
+  justify-items: center;
+  gap: .35rem;
+}
+
+.bit-label { opacity: .85; font-weight: 600; }
+
+/* ---------- “Light switch” rocker ---------- */
+.rocker {
+  position: relative;
+  width: 70px;
+  height: 46px;
+  display: inline-block;
+  user-select: none;
+}
+
+.rocker input {
+  opacity: 0;
+  width: 0;
+  height: 0;
+}
+
+.rocker-body {
+  position: absolute;
+  inset: 0;
+  border-radius: 12px;
+  background: #1a2331;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
+  box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);
+}
+
+/* the “toggle” */
+.rocker-body::after {
+  content: "";
+  position: absolute;
+  left: 6px;
+  top: 6px;
+  width: 58px;
+  height: 18px;
+  border-radius: 10px;
+  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.20);
+  transition: transform 180ms ease, background 180ms ease;
+}
+
+/* ON position */
+.rocker input:checked + .rocker-body::after {
+  transform: translateY(16px);
+  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.55);
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 900px) {
+  .switch-row { grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(90px, 1fr)); }
+}

public/favicon.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 128 128">
+    <path d="M50.4 78.5a75.1 75.1 0 0 0-28.5 6.9l24.2-65.7c.7-2 1.9-3.2 3.4-3.2h29c1.5 0 2.7 1.2 3.4 3.2l24.2 65.7s-11.6-7-28.5-7L67 45.5c-.4-1.7-1.6-2.8-2.9-2.8-1.3 0-2.5 1.1-2.9 2.7L50.4 78.5Zm-1.1 28.2Zm-4.2-20.2c-2 6.6-.6 15.8 4.2 20.2a17.5 17.5 0 0 1 .2-.7 5.5 5.5 0 0 1 5.7-4.5c2.8.1 4.3 1.5 4.7 4.7.2 1.1.2 2.3.2 3.5v.4c0 2.7.7 5.2 2.2 7.4a13 13 0 0 0 5.7 4.9v-.3l-.2-.3c-1.8-5.6-.5-9.5 4.4-12.8l1.5-1a73 73 0 0 0 3.2-2.2 16 16 0 0 0 6.8-11.4c.3-2 .1-4-.6-6l-.8.6-1.6 1a37 37 0 0 1-22.4 2.7c-5-.7-9.7-2-13.2-6.2Z" />
+    <style>
+        path { fill: #000; }
+        @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
+            path { fill: #FFF; }
+        }
+    </style>
+</svg>

public/js/binary/unsigned-binary.js

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+// Browser-only script. Safe because it's loaded via <script> (not server-imported).
+
+const BIT_COUNT = 8; // unsigned page = 8 bits
+const bitValues = [128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1];
+
+const elDenary = document.getElementById("denaryNumber");
+const elBinary = document.getElementById("binaryNumber");
+const elSwitches = document.getElementById("bitSwitches");
+
+const btnCustomDenary = document.getElementById("btnCustomDenary");
+const btnCustomBinary = document.getElementById("btnCustomBinary");
+const btnReset = document.getElementById("btnReset");
+
+let bits = new Array(BIT_COUNT).fill(false);
+
+function renderSwitches() {
+  elSwitches.innerHTML = "";
+
+  bitValues.forEach((value, index) => {
+    const id = `bit-${value}`;
+
+    const wrapper = document.createElement("div");
+    wrapper.className = "switch-col";
+
+    const labelTop = document.createElement("div");
+    labelTop.className = "bit-label";
+    labelTop.textContent = value;
+
+    const label = document.createElement("label");
+    label.className = "rocker";
+    label.setAttribute("for", id);
+
+    const input = document.createElement("input");
+    input.type = "checkbox";
+    input.id = id;
+    input.checked = bits[index];
+
+    input.addEventListener("change", () => {
+      bits[index] = input.checked;
+      updateNumbers();
+    });
+
+    const span = document.createElement("span");
+    span.className = "rocker-body";
+    span.setAttribute("aria-hidden", "true");
+
+    label.appendChild(input);
+    label.appendChild(span);
+
+    wrapper.appendChild(labelTop);
+    wrapper.appendChild(label);
+
+    elSwitches.appendChild(wrapper);
+  });
+}
+
+function updateNumbers() {
+  const binary = bits.map(b => (b ? "1" : "0")).join("");
+  const denary = bits.reduce((acc, b, i) => acc + (b ? bitValues[i] : 0), 0);
+
+  elBinary.textContent = binary;
+  elDenary.textContent = denary.toString();
+}
+
+function resetAll() {
+  bits = new Array(BIT_COUNT).fill(false);
+  renderSwitches();
+  updateNumbers();
+}
+
+function requestCustomDenary() {
+  let input = prompt(`Enter a denary number (0 to 255):`);
+  if (input === null) return;
+
+  const n = Number.parseInt(input, 10);
+  if (Number.isNaN(n) || n < 0 || n > 255) {
+    alert("Invalid input. Enter a number from 0 to 255.");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  let remaining = n;
+  bits = bitValues.map(v => {
+    if (remaining >= v) {
+      remaining -= v;
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  });
+
+  renderSwitches();
+  updateNumbers();
+}
+
+function requestCustomBinary() {
+  let input = prompt(`Enter an ${BIT_COUNT}-bit binary number (e.g. 01010101):`);
+  if (input === null) return;
+
+  input = input.trim();
+  const re = new RegExp(`^[01]{${BIT_COUNT}}$`);
+  if (!re.test(input)) {
+    alert(`Invalid input. Enter exactly ${BIT_COUNT} digits using only 0 or 1.`);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  bits = input.split("").map(c => c === "1");
+  renderSwitches();
+  updateNumbers();
+}
+
+btnCustomDenary?.addEventListener("click", requestCustomDenary);
+btnCustomBinary?.addEventListener("click", requestCustomBinary);
+btnReset?.addEventListener("click", resetAll);
+
+renderSwitches();
+updateNumbers();

public/js/tools/unsigned-binary.js

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+// public/js/tools/unsigned-binary.js
+// Lightweight: no frameworks. Works on weak devices.
+const BIT_COUNT = 8;
+const MAX_DENARY = 255;
+let bits = new Array(BIT_COUNT).fill(false);
+function bitsToBinaryString(){
+ return bits.map(b => (b ? "1" : "0")).join("");
+}
+function bitsToDenary(){
+ // MSB on the left: 128..1
+ const weights = [128,64,32,16,8,4,2,1];
+ return bits.reduce((acc, b, i) => acc + (b ? weights[i] : 0), 0);
+}
+function render(){
+ const grid = document.getElementById("bitGrid");
+ grid.innerHTML = "";
+ const weights = [128,64,32,16,8,4,2,1];
+ bits.forEach((on, i) => {
+ const btn = document.createElement("button");
+ btn.type = "button";
+ btn.className = "btn";
+ btn.style.width = "100%";
+ btn.style.justifyContent = "space-between";
+ btn.setAttribute("aria-pressed", on ? "true" : "false");
+ btn.innerHTML = `<span>${weights[i]}</span><b>${on ? "1" : "0"}</b>`;
+ btn.addEventListener("click", () => {
+ bits[i] = !bits[i];
+ update();
+ });
+ grid.appendChild(btn);
+ });
+}
+function update(){
+ document.getElementById("binaryNumber").innerText = bitsToBinaryString();
+ document.getElementById("denaryNumber").innerText = bitsToDenary();
+ render();
+}
+function requestBinary(){
+ let v;
+ do{
+ v = prompt("Enter an 8-bit binary value (8 digits, only 0 or 1):", bitsToBinaryString());
+ if(v === null) return;
+ v = v.trim();
+ }while(!/^[01]{8}$/.test(v));
+ bits = v.split("").map(ch => ch === "1");
+ update();
+}
+function requestDenary(){
+ let v;
+ do{
+ v = prompt("Enter a denary value (0 to 255):", String(bitsToDenary()));
+ if(v === null) return;
+ v = Number(v);
+ }while(!Number.isInteger(v) || v < 0 || v > MAX_DENARY);
+ // set bits from MSB to LSB
+ const weights = [128,64,32,16,8,4,2,1];
+ bits = weights.map(w => {
+ if(v >= w){ v -= w; return true; }
+ return false;
+ });
+ update();
+}
+function reset(){
+ bits = new Array(BIT_COUNT).fill(false);
+ update();
+}
+document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => {
+ document.getElementById("btnCustomBinary")?.addEventListener("click", requestBinary);
+ document.getElementById("btnCustomDenary")?.addEventListener("click", requestDenary);
+ document.getElementById("btnReset")?.addEventListener("click", reset);
+ update();
+});

public/styles.css

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/* src/styles/md3-tokens.css */
+/* MD3-inspired tokens tuned for education: high readability, clear contrast, calm surfaces */
+:root{
+ /* Typography */
+ --font-sans: system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
+ --font-mono: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", monospace;
+ /* Spacing + shape */
+ --radius-1: 10px;
+ --radius-2: 16px;
+ --radius-3: 22px;
+ --shadow-1: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.08), 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.06);
+ /* Color roles (keep simple) */
+ --md-surface: #ffffff;
+ --md-surface-2: #f6f7fb;
+ --md-on-surface: #111318;
+ --md-primary: #2f6fed; /* calm blue */
+ --md-on-primary: #ffffff;
+ --md-secondary: #5a5f72; /* muted */
+ --md-on-secondary: #ffffff;
+ --md-tertiary: #0f766e; /* teal for "practical" tools */
+ --md-on-tertiary: #ffffff;
+ --md-outline: #d7dbe7;
+ --md-success: #1a7f37;
+ --md-warning: #b54708;
+ --md-danger: #b42318;
+ /* Focus ring for accessibility */
+ --md-focus: 0 0 0 3px rgba(47,111,237,.28);
+}
+@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark){
+ :root{
+ --md-surface: #0b0e14;
+ --md-surface-2: #121725;
+ --md-on-surface: #e8eaf2;
+ --md-primary: #9bb6ff;
+ --md-on-primary: #0b0e14;
+ --md-secondary: #b8bccd;
+ --md-on-secondary: #0b0e14;
+ --md-tertiary: #4fd1c5;
+ --md-on-tertiary: #0b0e14;
+ --md-outline: #2b3244;
+ --md-focus: 0 0 0 3px rgba(155,182,255,.25);
+ }
+}
+
+/* src/styles/base.css */
+@import "./md3-tokens.css";
+html, body{ height:100%; }
+body{
+ margin:0;
+ font-family: var(--font-sans);
+ background: var(--md-surface-2);
+ color: var(--md-on-surface);
+}
+a{ color: var(--md-primary); text-decoration: none; }
+a:hover{ text-decoration: underline; }
+.container{
+ max-width: 1100px;
+ margin: 0 auto;
+ padding: 16px;
+}
+.card{
+ background: var(--md-surface);
+ border: 1px solid var(--md-outline);
+ border-radius: var(--radius-2);
+ box-shadow: var(--shadow-1);
+ padding: 16px;
+}
+.btn{
+ display:inline-flex;
+ gap:8px;
+ align-items:center;
+ justify-content:center;
+ border-radius: 999px;
+ border: 1px solid var(--md-outline);
+ background: var(--md-surface);
+ color: var(--md-on-surface);
+ padding: 10px 14px;
+ font-weight: 600;
+ cursor: pointer;
+}
+.btn:hover{ filter: brightness(0.98); }
+.btn:focus{ outline:none; box-shadow: var(--md-focus); }
+.btn-primary{
+ background: var(--md-primary);
+ color: var(--md-on-primary);
+ border-color: transparent;
+}
+.badge{
+ display:inline-block;
+ padding: 2px 10px;
+ border-radius: 999px;
+ font-size: 12px;
+ border: 1px solid var(--md-outline);
+ background: var(--md-surface-2);
+}
+code, pre{ font-family: var(--font-mono); }

src/components/simulators/HexSimulator.astro

@@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
----
-import "./hex/hex-simulator.css";
----
-
-<section class="hex-sim" data-hex-sim>
-  <div class="hex-main">
-    <div class="hex-readout">
-      <div class="hex-label">DENARY</div>
-      <div class="hex-number" data-out="denary">0</div>
-
-      <div class="hex-label hex-mt">HEXADECIMAL</div>
-      <div class="hex-number hex-number--small" data-out="hex">00</div>
-
-      <div class="hex-label hex-mt">BINARY</div>
-      <div class="hex-number hex-number--tiny" data-out="bin">0000 0000</div>
-    </div>
-
-    <div class="hex-divider"></div>
-
-    <div class="hex-digits" data-out="digitsRow"></div>
-  </div>
-
-  <!-- Toolbox button -->
-  <button class="hex-toolbox-btn" type="button" data-action="toggleToolbox" aria-controls="hex-toolbox" aria-expanded="true">
-    <span class="hex-toolbox-icon" aria-hidden="true">
-      <!-- toolbox icon -->
-      <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="18" height="18" fill="none">
-        <path d="M9 7V6a3 3 0 0 1 6 0v1" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round"/>
-        <path d="M4 9h16l-1.3 10.4A2 2 0 0 1 16.7 21H7.3a2 2 0 0 1-1.98-1.6L4 9Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linejoin="round"/>
-        <path d="M10 13h4" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round"/>
-      </svg>
-    </span>
-    TOOLBOX
-  </button>
-
-  <!-- Toolbox panel -->
-  <aside class="hex-toolbox is-open" id="hex-toolbox" data-out="toolbox">
-    <div class="hex-panel">
-      <div class="hex-panel-title">SETTINGS</div>
-
-      <div class="hex-setting-title">HEX DIGIT WIDTH</div>
-
-      <div class="hex-width">
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--square" type="button" data-action="digitsMinus">−</button>
-
-        <div class="hex-width-readout">
-          <div class="hex-width-label">DIGITS</div>
-          <div class="hex-width-number" data-out="digitsCount">2</div>
-        </div>
-
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--square" type="button" data-action="digitsPlus">+</button>
-      </div>
-
-      <div class="hex-hint" data-out="bitsHint">= 8 bits</div>
-    </div>
-
-    <div class="hex-panel">
-      <div class="hex-panel-title">CUSTOM NUMBER</div>
-
-      <div class="hex-grid-2">
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--green" type="button" data-action="customHex">Custom Hexadecimal</button>
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--green" type="button" data-action="customDenary">Custom Denary</button>
-      </div>
-
-      <!-- Custom Binary + Random on SAME row, same size -->
-      <div class="hex-grid-2 hex-mt-sm">
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--green" type="button" data-action="customBinary">Custom Binary</button>
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--wide hex-btn--random" type="button" data-action="random" data-random>Random</button>
-      </div>
-
-      <div class="hex-tiny-note">RANDOM RUNS BRIEFLY THEN STOPS AUTOMATICALLY.</div>
-    </div>
-
-    <div class="hex-panel">
-      <div class="hex-panel-title">TOOLS</div>
-
-      <div class="hex-tools-top">
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--square hex-btn--red" type="button" data-action="decrement" title="Decrement">▼</button>
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--square hex-btn--green2" type="button" data-action="increment" title="Increment">▲</button>
-      </div>
-
-      <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--wide hex-btn--reset" type="button" data-action="reset">Reset</button>
-    </div>
-  </aside>
-
-  <!-- Custom number dialog -->
-  <dialog class="hex-dialog" data-out="dialog">
-    <div class="hex-dialog-card">
-      <div class="hex-dialog-title" data-out="dialogTitle">Custom</div>
-
-      <input class="hex-dialog-input hex-font-mono" data-out="dialogInput" />
-
-      <div class="hex-dialog-hint" data-out="dialogHint"></div>
-      <div class="hex-dialog-error" data-out="dialogError" aria-live="polite"></div>
-
-      <div class="hex-dialog-actions">
-        <button class="hex-btn" type="button" data-action="dialogCancel">Cancel</button>
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--green" type="button" data-action="dialogApply">Apply</button>
-      </div>
-    </div>
-  </dialog>
-
-  <script type="module" src="/src/components/simulators/hex/hex-simulator.ts"></script>
-</section>

src/components/simulators/hex/hex-simulator.css

@@ -1,346 +0,0 @@
-/* ================= Fonts to match Binary ================= */
-/* Adjust paths to wherever you store fonts (commonly /public/fonts/...) */
-@font-face {
-  font-family: "DSEG7Classic";
-  src: url("/fonts/DSEG7Classic-Regular.woff") format("woff"),
-       url("/fonts/DSEG7Classic-Regular.ttf") format("truetype");
-  font-weight: 400;
-  font-style: normal;
-  font-display: swap;
-}
-@font-face {
-  font-family: "SevenSegment";
-  src: url("/fonts/Seven-Segment.woff2") format("woff2"),
-       url("/fonts/Seven-Segment.woff") format("woff");
-  font-weight: 400;
-  font-style: normal;
-  font-display: swap;
-}
-
-.hex-sim {
-  min-height: 100vh;
-  background: #14151c;
-  color: #e7e8ee;
-  padding: 28px;
-}
-
-.hex-font-number { font-family: "DSEG7Classic", ui-monospace, monospace; }
-.hex-font-mono   { font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-monospace, monospace; }
-
-.hex-main { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; width: 100%; padding-top: 40px; }
-
-.hex-readout { text-align: center; }
-.hex-label {
-  font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui;
-  font-size: 12px;
-  letter-spacing: 2px;
-  opacity: 0.7;
-}
-.hex-mt { margin-top: 12px; }
-
-.hex-number {
-  font-family: "DSEG7Classic", ui-monospace, monospace;
-  font-size: 76px;
-  line-height: 1;
-  font-weight: 400;
-  color: #46ff8a;
-  text-shadow: 0 0 18px rgba(70,255,138,0.18);
-}
-.hex-number--small { font-size: 64px; }
-.hex-number--tiny  { font-size: 54px; letter-spacing: 6px; }
-
-.hex-divider {
-  margin: 26px auto 18px;
-  height: 1px;
-  width: min(760px, 90%);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.10);
-}
-
-/* ================= Main digit columns ================= */
-.hex-digits {
-  margin-top: 18px;
-  display: flex;
-  justify-content: center;
-  gap: 18px;
-  flex-wrap: wrap;
-}
-
-.hex-digit-col {
-  width: 160px;
-  border-radius: 18px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.03);
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.10);
-  padding: 12px;
-  display: grid;
-  gap: 10px;
-  justify-items: center;
-}
-
-.hex-digit-controls {
-  width: 100%;
-  display: flex;
-  justify-content: center;
-  gap: 10px;
-}
-
-.hex-digit-char {
-  font-size: 64px;
-  line-height: 1;
-  color: #46ff8a;
-  text-shadow: 0 0 18px rgba(70,255,138,0.18);
-}
-
-.hex-digit-place {
-  font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-monospace, monospace;
-  opacity: 0.65;
-  font-size: 14px;
-  letter-spacing: 1px;
-}
-
-/* ================= Bulbs (brightness changes) ================= */
-.hex-bulbs {
-  width: 100%;
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
-  gap: 10px;
-  align-items: end;
-}
-
-.hex-bulb {
-  display: grid;
-  justify-items: center;
-  gap: 6px;
-  opacity: 0.35;
-  filter: grayscale(30%);
-  transition: opacity 160ms ease, filter 160ms ease;
-}
-
-.hex-bulb .hex-bulb-cap {
-  width: 18px;
-  height: 18px;
-  border-radius: 999px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.22);
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
-}
-
-.hex-bulb .hex-bulb-glow {
-  width: 18px;
-  height: 10px;
-  border-radius: 999px;
-  background: rgba(70,255,138,0.0);
-  box-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(70,255,138,0.0);
-  transition: background 160ms ease, box-shadow 160ms ease;
-}
-
-.hex-bulb .hex-bulb-label {
-  font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-monospace, monospace;
-  font-size: 12px;
-  opacity: 0.8;
-}
-
-.hex-bulb.is-on {
-  opacity: 1;
-  filter: none;
-}
-.hex-bulb.is-on .hex-bulb-cap {
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.35);
-}
-.hex-bulb.is-on .hex-bulb-glow {
-  background: rgba(70,255,138,0.25);
-  box-shadow: 0 0 18px rgba(70,255,138,0.35);
-}
-
-/* ================= Buttons (toolbox style reused everywhere) ================= */
-.hex-btn {
-  padding: 10px 12px;
-  border-radius: 14px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
-  color: #e7e8ee;
-  font-weight: 800;
-  cursor: pointer;
-  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, sans-serif;
-}
-.hex-btn:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.10); }
-
-.hex-btn--square {
-  width: 48px;
-  height: 48px;
-  padding: 0;
-  display: grid;
-  place-items: center;
-  font-size: 18px;
-}
-
-.hex-btn--wide { width: 100%; }
-
-.hex-btn--green {
-  background: rgba(46, 200, 120, 0.18);
-  border-color: rgba(46,200,120,0.35);
-}
-.hex-btn--green:hover { background: rgba(46, 200, 120, 0.26); }
-
-.hex-btn--green2 {
-  background: rgba(46, 200, 120, 0.18);
-  border-color: rgba(46,200,120,0.35);
-}
-
-.hex-btn--red {
-  background: rgba(220, 60, 70, 0.18);
-  border-color: rgba(220,60,70,0.35);
-}
-
-/* Random = green pulse while running */
-.hex-btn--random.is-running {
-  border-color: rgba(80, 255, 160, 0.55);
-  background: rgba(46, 200, 120, 0.22);
-  box-shadow: 0 0 18px rgba(80, 255, 160, 0.35);
-  animation: hexPulseGreen 900ms ease-in-out infinite;
-}
-@keyframes hexPulseGreen {
-  0%, 100% { box-shadow: 0 0 14px rgba(80, 255, 160, 0.25); }
-  50% { box-shadow: 0 0 26px rgba(80, 255, 160, 0.45); }
-}
-
-/* Reset = red background + pulse on hover */
-.hex-btn--reset:hover {
-  background: rgba(220, 60, 70, 0.28);
-  border-color: rgba(255, 80, 90, 0.55);
-  animation: hexPulseRed 900ms ease-in-out infinite;
-}
-@keyframes hexPulseRed {
-  0%, 100% { box-shadow: 0 0 12px rgba(255, 80, 90, 0.20); }
-  50% { box-shadow: 0 0 22px rgba(255, 80, 90, 0.38); }
-}
-
-/* ================= Toolbox button + panel (slide) ================= */
-.hex-toolbox-btn {
-  position: fixed;
-  top: 88px;
-  right: 28px;
-  z-index: 30;
-  display: inline-flex;
-  align-items: center;
-  gap: 10px;
-  padding: 12px 16px;
-  border-radius: 14px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
-  color: #e7e8ee;
-  font-weight: 800;
-  letter-spacing: 1px;
-  cursor: pointer;
-}
-
-.hex-toolbox-icon {
-  display: inline-flex;
-  align-items: center;
-  justify-content: center;
-  width: 18px;
-  height: 18px;
-  color: #ff4fa6;
-  filter: drop-shadow(0 0 10px rgba(255,79,166,0.35));
-}
-
-.hex-toolbox {
-  position: fixed;
-  top: 140px;
-  right: 28px;
-  width: 340px;
-  display: grid;
-  gap: 14px;
-  z-index: 25;
-
-  transform: translateX(0);
-  opacity: 1;
-  transition: transform 220ms ease, opacity 220ms ease;
-}
-.hex-toolbox:not(.is-open) {
-  transform: translateX(380px);
-  opacity: 0;
-  pointer-events: none;
-}
-
-.hex-panel {
-  border-radius: 16px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.04);
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.10);
-  padding: 14px;
-}
-.hex-panel-title {
-  font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui;
-  font-size: 12px;
-  letter-spacing: 2px;
-  opacity: 0.7;
-  margin-bottom: 10px;
-}
-
-.hex-setting-title { font-weight: 900; opacity: 0.9; margin-bottom: 10px; }
-
-.hex-width {
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: 48px 1fr 48px;
-  gap: 10px;
-  align-items: center;
-}
-.hex-width-readout {
-  border-radius: 14px;
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.22);
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.10);
-  padding: 10px 12px;
-  display: flex;
-  justify-content: space-between;
-  align-items: baseline;
-}
-.hex-width-label {
-  font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui;
-  opacity: 0.7;
-  font-weight: 800;
-  letter-spacing: 1px;
-  font-size: 12px;
-}
-.hex-width-number { font-size: 30px; font-weight: 900; color: #46ff8a; }
-
-.hex-hint { margin-top: 8px; opacity: 0.65; font-size: 12px; font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui; }
-
-.hex-grid-2 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 10px; }
-.hex-mt-sm { margin-top: 10px; }
-
-.hex-tools-top { display: flex; gap: 10px; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 10px; }
-.hex-tiny-note { margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; opacity: 0.6; letter-spacing: 1px; font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui; }
-
-/* ================= Dialog ================= */
-.hex-dialog { border: none; padding: 0; background: transparent; }
-.hex-dialog::backdrop { background: rgba(0,0,0,0.55); }
-
-.hex-dialog-card {
-  width: min(560px, 92vw);
-  border-radius: 18px;
-  background: #1a1b24;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
-  padding: 16px;
-  color: #e7e8ee;
-}
-
-.hex-dialog-title { font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: 1px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui; }
-
-.hex-dialog-input {
-  width: 100%;
-  padding: 12px 12px;
-  border-radius: 14px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.25);
-  color: #e7e8ee;
-  font-size: 18px;
-}
-
-.hex-dialog-hint { margin-top: 10px; opacity: 0.7; font-size: 13px; font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui; }
-.hex-dialog-error { margin-top: 8px; font-size: 13px; color: #ff6b6b; min-height: 18px; font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui; }
-.hex-dialog-actions { margin-top: 14px; display: flex; gap: 10px; justify-content: flex-end; }
-
-@media (max-width: 900px) {
-  .hex-toolbox { width: min(360px, 92vw); right: 16px; }
-  .hex-toolbox-btn { right: 16px; }
-  .hex-number { font-size: 60px; }
-  .hex-number--tiny { font-size: 40px; letter-spacing: 4px; }
-}

src/components/simulators/hex/hex-simulator.ts

@@ -1,232 +0,0 @@
-type DialogMode = "hex" | "den" | "bin";
-
-const root = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("[data-hex-sim]");
-if (!root) throw new Error("Hex simulator root not found");
-
-const outDen = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="denary"]')!;
-const outHex = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="hex"]')!;
-const outBin = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="bin"]')!;
-const outDigitsRow = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="digitsRow"]')!;
-
-const toolbox = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="toolbox"]')!;
-const toolboxBtn = root.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('[data-action="toggleToolbox"]')!;
-const digitsCount = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="digitsCount"]')!;
-const bitsHint = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="bitsHint"]')!;
-const randomBtn = root.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>("[data-random]")!;
-
-const dialog = root.querySelector<HTMLDialogElement>('[data-out="dialog"]')!;
-const dialogTitle = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="dialogTitle"]')!;
-const dialogInput = root.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>('[data-out="dialogInput"]')!;
-const dialogHint = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="dialogHint"]')!;
-const dialogError = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="dialogError"]')!;
-
-let digits = 2;        // 1..8
-let value = 0;         // unsigned denary
-let randomTimer: number | null = null;
-let dialogMode: DialogMode | null = null;
-
-const clamp = (n: number, min: number, max: number) => Math.min(max, Math.max(min, n));
-const maxForDigits = (d: number) => (16 ** d) - 1;
-
-const padHex = (n: number, d: number) => n.toString(16).toUpperCase().padStart(d, "0");
-const padBin = (n: number, b: number) => n.toString(2).padStart(b, "0");
-const groupBin = (b: string) => b.replace(/(.{4})/g, "$1 ").trim();
-
-function stopRandom(): void {
-  if (randomTimer !== null) window.clearInterval(randomTimer);
-  randomTimer = null;
-  randomBtn.classList.remove("is-running");
-}
-
-function startRandom(): void {
-  stopRandom();
-  const max = maxForDigits(digits);
-  const start = Date.now();
-
-  randomBtn.classList.add("is-running");
-
-  randomTimer = window.setInterval(() => {
-    value = Math.floor(Math.random() * (max + 1));
-    render();
-    if (Date.now() - start > 1600) stopRandom();
-  }, 90);
-}
-
-function render(): void {
-  const bits = digits * 4;
-
-  digitsCount.textContent = String(digits);
-  bitsHint.textContent = `= ${bits} bits`;
-
-  outDen.textContent = String(value);
-  outHex.textContent = padHex(value, digits);
-  outBin.textContent = groupBin(padBin(value, bits));
-
-  renderDigitsRow();
-}
-
-function renderDigitsRow(): void {
-  const hex = padHex(value, digits);
-  outDigitsRow.innerHTML = "";
-
-  for (let i = 0; i < digits; i++) {
-    const pow = digits - 1 - i;
-    const placeValue = 16 ** pow;
-
-    const digitChar = hex[i];
-    const digitVal = parseInt(digitChar, 16);
-    const nibbleBits = [(digitVal >> 3) & 1, (digitVal >> 2) & 1, (digitVal >> 1) & 1, digitVal & 1]; // 8 4 2 1
-
-    const col = document.createElement("div");
-    col.className = "hex-digit-col";
-    col.innerHTML = `
-      <div class="hex-digit-controls">
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--square hex-btn--green2" type="button" data-action="digitUp" data-i="${i}" title="Increase">▲</button>
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--square hex-btn--red" type="button" data-action="digitDown" data-i="${i}" title="Decrease">▼</button>
-      </div>
-
-      <div class="hex-digit-char hex-font-number">${digitChar}</div>
-
-      <!-- bulbs: brightness changes based on nibble bits -->
-      <div class="hex-bulbs" aria-label="Nibble bits">
-        ${[8,4,2,1].map((w, idx) => {
-          const on = nibbleBits[idx] === 1;
-          return `
-            <div class="hex-bulb ${on ? "is-on" : ""}">
-              <div class="hex-bulb-cap"></div>
-              <div class="hex-bulb-glow"></div>
-              <div class="hex-bulb-label">${w}</div>
-            </div>
-          `;
-        }).join("")}
-      </div>
-
-      <div class="hex-digit-place">${placeValue}</div>
-    `;
-    outDigitsRow.appendChild(col);
-  }
-}
-
-function openDialog(mode: DialogMode): void {
-  stopRandom();
-  dialogMode = mode;
-
-  dialogError.textContent = "";
-  dialogInput.value = "";
-
-  if (mode === "hex") {
-    dialogTitle.textContent = "Custom Hexadecimal";
-    dialogHint.textContent = `Enter 1–${digits} hex digit(s) (0–9, A–F).`;
-    dialogInput.placeholder = "A1";
-    dialogInput.inputMode = "text";
-  } else if (mode === "den") {
-    dialogTitle.textContent = "Custom Denary";
-    dialogHint.textContent = `Enter a whole number from 0 to ${maxForDigits(digits)}.`;
-    dialogInput.placeholder = "42";
-    dialogInput.inputMode = "numeric";
-  } else {
-    dialogTitle.textContent = "Custom Binary";
-    dialogHint.textContent = `Enter up to ${digits * 4} bit(s) using 0 and 1.`;
-    dialogInput.placeholder = "00101010";
-    dialogInput.inputMode = "text";
-  }
-
-  dialog.showModal();
-  window.setTimeout(() => dialogInput.focus(), 0);
-}
-
-function closeDialog(): void {
-  dialogMode = null;
-  dialogError.textContent = "";
-  if (dialog.open) dialog.close();
-}
-
-function applyDialog(): void {
-  const raw = (dialogInput.value || "").trim();
-  if (!dialogMode) return closeDialog();
-  if (raw.length === 0) return closeDialog();
-
-  const max = maxForDigits(digits);
-  const bits = digits * 4;
-
-  if (dialogMode === "hex") {
-    const v = raw.toUpperCase();
-    if (!/^[0-9A-F]+$/.test(v)) { dialogError.textContent = "Hex must use 0–9 and A–F only."; return; }
-    if (v.length > digits) { dialogError.textContent = `Max length is ${digits} hex digit(s).`; return; }
-    value = clamp(parseInt(v, 16), 0, max);
-    render();
-    return closeDialog();
-  }
-
-  if (dialogMode === "den") {
-    if (!/^\d+$/.test(raw)) { dialogError.textContent = "Denary must be whole numbers only."; return; }
-    const n = Number(raw);
-    if (!Number.isFinite(n)) { dialogError.textContent = "Invalid number."; return; }
-    value = clamp(n, 0, max);
-    render();
-    return closeDialog();
-  }
-
-  // bin
-  if (!/^[01]+$/.test(raw)) { dialogError.textContent = "Binary must use 0 and 1 only."; return; }
-  if (raw.length > bits) { dialogError.textContent = `Max length is ${bits} bit(s).`; return; }
-  value = clamp(parseInt(raw, 2), 0, max);
-  render();
-  return closeDialog();
-}
-
-function applyDigitDelta(i: number, delta: number): void {
-  stopRandom();
-  const hexArr = padHex(value, digits).split("");
-  let v = parseInt(hexArr[i], 16);
-  v = (v + delta) % 16;
-  if (v < 0) v += 16;
-  hexArr[i] = v.toString(16).toUpperCase();
-  value = clamp(parseInt(hexArr.join(""), 16), 0, maxForDigits(digits));
-  render();
-}
-
-// dialog cancel / backdrop
-dialog.addEventListener("cancel", (e) => { e.preventDefault(); closeDialog(); });
-dialog.addEventListener("click", (e) => {
-  const card = dialog.querySelector(".hex-dialog-card");
-  if (card && !card.contains(e.target as Node)) closeDialog();
-});
-dialogInput.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => {
-  if (e.key === "Enter") applyDialog();
-  if (e.key === "Escape") closeDialog();
-});
-
-// main click handler
-root.addEventListener("click", (e) => {
-  const btn = (e.target as HTMLElement).closest<HTMLElement>("[data-action]");
-  if (!btn) return;
-  const action = btn.getAttribute("data-action")!;
-
-  if (action === "toggleToolbox") {
-    toolbox.classList.toggle("is-open");
-    toolboxBtn.setAttribute("aria-expanded", toolbox.classList.contains("is-open") ? "true" : "false");
-    return;
-  }
-
-  if (action === "digitsMinus") { digits = clamp(digits - 1, 1, 8); value = clamp(value, 0, maxForDigits(digits)); return render(); }
-  if (action === "digitsPlus")  { digits = clamp(digits + 1, 1, 8); value = clamp(value, 0, maxForDigits(digits)); return render(); }
-
-  if (action === "increment") { stopRandom(); value = clamp(value + 1, 0, maxForDigits(digits)); return render(); }
-  if (action === "decrement") { stopRandom(); value = clamp(value - 1, 0, maxForDigits(digits)); return render(); }
-
-  if (action === "reset")     { stopRandom(); value = 0; return render(); }
-  if (action === "random")    { return startRandom(); }
-
-  if (action === "customHex")    return openDialog("hex");
-  if (action === "customDenary") return openDialog("den");
-  if (action === "customBinary") return openDialog("bin");
-
-  if (action === "dialogCancel") return closeDialog();
-  if (action === "dialogApply")  return applyDialog();
-
-  if (action === "digitUp")   return applyDigitDelta(Number(btn.getAttribute("data-i")), +1);
-  if (action === "digitDown") return applyDigitDelta(Number(btn.getAttribute("data-i")), -1);
-});
-
-render();

src/components/site-footer.astro

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-<footer class="site-footer">
-  <div class="site-footer__inner">
-    <div class="site-footer__text">
-      COMPUTER SCIENCE CONCEPT SIMULATORS<br />
-      © 2025 COMPUTING:BOX • CREATED WITH ♥ BY MR LYALL
-    </div>
-  </div>
-</footer>

src/components/site-header.astro

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
----
-const nav = [
-  { href: "/about", label: "About" },
-  { href: "/binary", label: "Binary" },
-  { href: "/hexadecimal", label: "Hexadecimal" },
-  { href: "/hex-colours", label: "Hex Colours" },
-  { href: "/logic-gates", label: "Logic Gates" },
-];
----
-<header class="site-header">
-  <div class="site-header__inner">
-    <a class="site-header__brand" href="/" aria-label="Computing:Box home">
-      <img class="site-header__logo" src="/img/logo.png" alt="" width="26" height="26" />
-      <span class="site-header__name">COMPUTING:BOX</span>
-    </a>
-
-    <nav class="site-header__nav" aria-label="Primary">
-      {nav.map((i) => (
-        <a class="site-header__link" href={i.href}>
-          {i.label.toUpperCase()}
-        </a>
-      ))}
-    </nav>
-  </div>
-</header>

src/components/tools/BinarySimulator.astro

@@ -0,0 +1,381 @@
+---
+const { mode = "unsigned", defaultBits = 8 } = Astro.props;
+
+// For unsigned: min 1 bit, max 16 bits (tweak if you want)
+const minBits = 4;
+const maxBits = 16;
+const initialBits = Math.min(Math.max(defaultBits, minBits), maxBits);
+---
+
+<section class="binary-sim" data-mode={mode} data-bits={initialBits}>
+  <div class="top">
+    <div class="left-brand">
+      <!-- Replace with your logo/img -->
+      <div class="brand-box" aria-hidden="true">Computing:Box</div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="display" aria-live="polite">
+      <div class="label">DENARY</div>
+      <div id="denaryNumber" class="value">0</div>
+
+      <div class="label">BINARY</div>
+      <div id="binaryNumber" class="value mono">00000000</div>
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="actions">
+      <button class="btn" type="button" data-action="custom-binary">Custom Binary</button>
+      <button class="btn" type="button" data-action="custom-denary">Custom Denary</button>
+      <button class="btn" type="button" data-action="shift-left">Left Shift</button>
+      <button class="btn" type="button" data-action="shift-right">Right Shift</button>
+
+      <div class="bits-control">
+        <div class="bits-title">Bits</div>
+        <div class="bits-buttons">
+          <button class="btn small" type="button" data-action="bits-minus" aria-label="Decrease bits">−</button>
+          <span id="bitsCount" class="bits-count">{initialBits}</span>
+          <button class="btn small" type="button" data-action="bits-plus" aria-label="Increase bits">+</button>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+
+  <div id="bitsRow" class="bits-row" aria-label="Binary bit switches"></div>
+</section>
+
+<script is:inline>
+(() => {
+  const root = document.currentScript.closest(".binary-sim");
+  const bitsRow = root.querySelector("#bitsRow");
+  const binaryEl = root.querySelector("#binaryNumber");
+  const denaryEl = root.querySelector("#denaryNumber");
+  const bitsCountEl = root.querySelector("#bitsCount");
+
+  let bitCount = parseInt(root.dataset.bits || "8", 10);
+  const minBits = 4;
+  const maxBits = 16;
+
+  // state: array of 0/1, MSB at index 0
+  let bits = new Array(bitCount).fill(0);
+
+  function placeValues(n) {
+    // unsigned place values: [2^(n-1), ..., 2^0]
+    return Array.from({ length: n }, (_, i) => 2 ** (n - 1 - i));
+  }
+
+  function bitsToDenary(bitsArr) {
+    const pv = placeValues(bitsArr.length);
+    return bitsArr.reduce((acc, b, i) => acc + (b ? pv[i] : 0), 0);
+  }
+
+  function render() {
+    const binaryStr = bits.join("");
+    binaryEl.textContent = binaryStr;
+    denaryEl.textContent = String(bitsToDenary(bits));
+    bitsCountEl.textContent = String(bitCount);
+
+    const pv = placeValues(bitCount);
+
+    bitsRow.innerHTML = pv.map((value, i) => {
+      const id = `bit_${bitCount}_${i}`;
+      const checked = bits[i] === 1 ? "checked" : "";
+      return `
+        <div class="bit-col">
+          <div class="bulb ${bits[i] ? "on" : "off"}" aria-hidden="true"></div>
+          <div class="place">${value}</div>
+
+          <label class="switch" for="${id}">
+            <input id="${id}" type="checkbox" ${checked} data-index="${i}">
+            <span class="slider" aria-hidden="true"></span>
+            <span class="sr-only">Toggle bit value ${value}</span>
+          </label>
+        </div>
+      `;
+    }).join("");
+  }
+
+  function setBitsFromBinaryString(str) {
+    // allow shorter input; pad left
+    const clean = (str || "").trim();
+    if (!/^[01]+$/.test(clean) || clean.length > bitCount) return false;
+    const padded = clean.padStart(bitCount, "0");
+    bits = padded.split("").map(c => c === "1" ? 1 : 0);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  function setBitsFromDenary(num) {
+    if (!Number.isInteger(num)) return false;
+    const max = (2 ** bitCount) - 1;
+    if (num < 0 || num > max) return false;
+
+    const bin = num.toString(2).padStart(bitCount, "0");
+    bits = bin.split("").map(c => c === "1" ? 1 : 0);
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  function shiftLeft() {
+    bits = bits.slice(1).concat(0);
+  }
+
+  function shiftRight() {
+    bits = [0].concat(bits.slice(0, -1));
+  }
+
+  function resizeBits(newCount) {
+    const clamped = Math.max(minBits, Math.min(maxBits, newCount));
+    if (clamped === bitCount) return;
+
+    // keep value as best as possible: preserve LSBs when resizing
+    const currentBinary = bits.join("");
+    bitCount = clamped;
+    bits = new Array(bitCount).fill(0);
+
+    const take = currentBinary.slice(-bitCount);
+    setBitsFromBinaryString(take);
+  }
+
+  // Switch input handler
+  bitsRow.addEventListener("change", (e) => {
+    const input = e.target;
+    if (!(input instanceof HTMLInputElement)) return;
+    const idx = parseInt(input.dataset.index || "-1", 10);
+    if (idx < 0) return;
+    bits[idx] = input.checked ? 1 : 0;
+    render();
+  });
+
+  // Button actions
+  root.querySelector(".actions").addEventListener("click", (e) => {
+    const btn = e.target.closest("button[data-action]");
+    if (!btn) return;
+
+    const action = btn.dataset.action;
+
+    if (action === "custom-binary") {
+      const entered = prompt(`Enter a ${bitCount}-bit binary value (0s and 1s):`, bits.join(""));
+      if (entered === null) return;
+      if (!setBitsFromBinaryString(entered)) {
+        alert(`Invalid binary. Use only 0 and 1, up to ${bitCount} digits.`);
+        return;
+      }
+      render();
+    }
+
+    if (action === "custom-denary") {
+      const max = (2 ** bitCount) - 1;
+      const entered = prompt(`Enter a denary value (0 to ${max}):`, String(bitsToDenary(bits)));
+      if (entered === null) return;
+      const num = Number.parseInt(entered, 10);
+      if (!setBitsFromDenary(num)) {
+        alert(`Invalid denary. Enter a whole number from 0 to ${max}.`);
+        return;
+      }
+      render();
+    }
+
+    if (action === "shift-left") { shiftLeft(); render(); }
+    if (action === "shift-right") { shiftRight(); render(); }
+
+    if (action === "bits-minus") { resizeBits(bitCount - 1); render(); }
+    if (action === "bits-plus") { resizeBits(bitCount + 1); render(); }
+  });
+
+  // initial
+  render();
+})();
+</script>
+
+<style>
+/* Layout */
+.binary-sim {
+  padding: 2rem 1rem 3rem;
+}
+
+.top {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: 260px 1fr 220px;
+  gap: 1.5rem;
+  align-items: start;
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 980px) {
+  .top {
+    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
+  }
+  .actions {
+    display: grid;
+    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
+  }
+}
+
+/* Brand placeholder */
+.brand-box {
+  width: 180px;
+  height: 180px;
+  border-radius: 12px;
+  display: grid;
+  place-items: center;
+  font-weight: 700;
+  opacity: 0.9;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
+  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.04);
+}
+
+/* Display */
+.display {
+  text-align: center;
+  padding: 1rem;
+}
+
+.label {
+  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
+  opacity: 0.85;
+  margin-top: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.value {
+  font-size: 3rem;
+  line-height: 1.1;
+  margin: 0.25rem 0 0.75rem;
+  font-weight: 700;
+}
+
+.mono {
+  font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;
+}
+
+/* Buttons */
+.actions {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  gap: 0.75rem;
+}
+
+.btn {
+  border: 0;
+  border-radius: 10px;
+  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
+  color: inherit;
+}
+
+.btn:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.12); }
+
+.btn.small {
+  padding: 0.45rem 0.75rem;
+  border-radius: 10px;
+}
+
+.bits-control {
+  margin-top: 0.25rem;
+  padding-top: 0.5rem;
+  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.08);
+}
+
+.bits-title { opacity: 0.8; margin-bottom: 0.35rem; }
+
+.bits-buttons {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 0.5rem;
+}
+
+.bits-count {
+  min-width: 2ch;
+  text-align: center;
+  font-weight: 700;
+}
+
+/* Bits row */
+.bits-row {
+  margin-top: 2rem;
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(88px, 1fr));
+  gap: 1.25rem;
+  align-items: end;
+}
+
+.bit-col {
+  text-align: center;
+  padding: 0.5rem 0.25rem;
+}
+
+.place {
+  margin: 0.5rem 0 0.5rem;
+  font-size: 2rem;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;
+}
+
+/* Bulb */
+.bulb {
+  width: 26px;
+  height: 26px;
+  margin: 0 auto 0.25rem;
+  border-radius: 50%;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.15);
+}
+.bulb.off { opacity: 0.15; }
+.bulb.on  { opacity: 1; }
+
+/* Light switch (accessible checkbox) */
+.switch {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: center;
+  width: 64px;
+  height: 36px;
+  position: relative;
+}
+
+.switch input {
+  position: absolute;
+  opacity: 0;
+  width: 1px;
+  height: 1px;
+}
+
+.slider {
+  width: 64px;
+  height: 36px;
+  border-radius: 999px;
+  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.10);
+  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
+  position: relative;
+  transition: transform 120ms ease, background 120ms ease;
+}
+
+.slider::after {
+  content: "";
+  position: absolute;
+  top: 4px;
+  left: 4px;
+  width: 28px;
+  height: 28px;
+  border-radius: 999px;
+  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.85);
+  transition: transform 120ms ease;
+}
+
+.switch input:checked + .slider {
+  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.18);
+}
+
+.switch input:checked + .slider::after {
+  transform: translateX(28px);
+}
+
+/* focus */
+.switch input:focus-visible + .slider {
+  outline: 3px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.35);
+  outline-offset: 2px;
+}
+
+.sr-only {
+  position: absolute;
+  width: 1px; height: 1px;
+  padding: 0; margin: -1px;
+  overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0,0,0,0);
+  white-space: nowrap; border: 0;
+}
+</style>

src/layouts/BaseLayout.astro

@@ -1,118 +1,17 @@
 ---
+// src/layouts/BaseLayout.astro
 const { title = "Computing:Box" } = Astro.props;
 ---
-
 <!doctype html>
 <html lang="en">
-  <head>
+ <head>
-    <meta charset="utf-8" />
+ <meta charset="utf-8" />
-    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" />
+ <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
-    <title>{title}</title>
+ <title>{title}</title>
-
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/styles.css" />
-    <style>
+ <link rel="stylesheet" href="/fonts/DSEG7Classic-Regular.css">
-      :root{
+ </head>
-        --nav-h: 108px; /* 3x-ish height */
+ <body>
-        --bg: #1f2027;
+ <slot />
-        --text: #e8e8ee;
+ </body>
-        --muted: #a9acb8;
+</html>
-        --line: rgba(255,255,255,.10);
-      }
-
-      body{
-        margin:0;
-        background:var(--bg);
-        color:var(--text);
-      }
-
-      .siteNav{
-        position: sticky;
-        top: 0;
-        z-index: 50;
-        height: var(--nav-h);
-        background: rgba(0,0,0,.10);
-        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
-        backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
-      }
-
-      .navInner{
-        height: 100%;
-        max-width: 1400px;
-        margin: 0 auto;
-        padding: 0 20px;
-        display: flex;
-        align-items: center;
-        justify-content: space-between;
-        gap: 24px;
-      }
-
-      .brand{
-        display:flex;
-        align-items:center;
-        gap:12px;
-        text-decoration:none;
-        color:var(--text);
-      }
-
-      .brandLogo{
-        width: 2em;
-        height: 2em;
-        image-rendering: pixelated;
-      }
-
-      .brandName{
-        letter-spacing: .12em;
-        font-weight: 900;
-        text-transform: uppercase;
-        font-size: 18px;
-      }
-
-      .navLinks{
-        display:flex;
-        align-items:center;
-        gap:18px;
-        flex-wrap:wrap;
-      }
-
-      .navLinks a{
-        color: var(--muted);
-        text-decoration: none;
-        font-weight: 800;
-        letter-spacing: .12em;
-        font-size: 16px;
-        text-transform: uppercase;
-      }
-
-      .navLinks a:hover{
-        color: var(--text);
-      }
-
-      .pageWrap{
-        max-width: 1400px;
-        margin: 0 auto;
-      }
-    </style>
-  </head>
-
-  <body>
-    <header class="siteNav">
-      <div class="navInner">
-        <a class="brand" href="/">
-          <img class="brandLogo" src="/images/computing-box-logo.svg" alt="Computing:Box logo" />
-          <span class="brandName">COMPUTING:BOX</span>
-        </a>
-
-        <nav class="navLinks" aria-label="Site navigation">
-          <a href="/about">ABOUT</a>
-          <a href="/binary">BINARY</a>
-          <a href="/hexadecimal">HEXADECIMAL</a>
-          <a href="/hex-colours">HEX COLOURS</a>
-          <a href="/logic-gates">LOGIC GATES</a>
-        </nav>
-      </div>
-    </header>
-
-    <main class="pageWrap">
-      <slot />
-    </main>
-  </body>
-</html>

src/pages/binary.astro

@@ -1,112 +1,642 @@
 ---
-import BaseLayout from "../layouts/BaseLayout.astro";
+/**
-import "../styles/binary.css";
+ * src/pages/binary.astro
+ * Single-file binary simulator (Unsigned + Two's complement)
+ * Bit width: 4..64
+ *
+ * Requires:
+ *  public/fonts/DSEG7Classic-Regular.woff
+ *  public/fonts/DSEG7Classic-Regular.ttf
+ */
 ---
 
-<BaseLayout title="Binary Simulator">
+<html lang="en">
-  <button id="toolboxToggle" class="toolboxToggle" type="button" aria-expanded="true">
+  <head>
-    <span class="toolboxIcon" aria-hidden="true">🧰</span>
+    <meta charset="utf-8" />
-    <span class="toolboxLabel">TOOLBOX</span>
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" />
-  </button>
+    <title>Binary | Computing:Box</title>
 
-  <main class="wrap">
+    <style>
-    <section class="topGrid">
+      :root{
-      <!-- LEFT -->
+        --bg: #1f2027;
-      <div>
+        --panel: #22242d;
-        <div class="readout">
+        --panel2:#262833;
-          <div class="label">Denary</div>
+        --text: #e8e8ee;
-          <div id="denaryNumber" class="num denaryValue">0</div>
+        --muted: #a9acb8;
+        --accent: #33ff7a;
+        --accent-dim: rgba(51,255,122,.15);
+        --line: rgba(255,255,255,.12);
+      }
 
-          <div class="label">Binary</div>
+      @font-face{
-          <div id="binaryNumber" class="num binaryValue">0000 0000</div>
+        font-family: "DSEG7ClassicRegular";
+        src:
+          url("/fonts/DSEG7Classic-Regular.woff") format("woff"),
+          url("/fonts/DSEG7Classic-Regular.ttf") format("truetype");
+        font-weight: 400;
+        font-style: normal;
+        font-display: swap;
+      }
+
+      body{
+        margin:0;
+        font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
+        background: var(--bg);
+        color: var(--text);
+      }
+
+      .wrap{
+        max-width: 1200px;
+        margin: 0 auto;
+        padding: 32px 20px 60px;
+      }
+
+      /* Layout: readout left, settings panel right (like your screenshot) */
+      .layout{
+        display:grid;
+        grid-template-columns: 1fr 360px;
+        gap: 22px;
+        align-items:start;
+      }
+
+      .readout{
+        text-align:center;
+        padding: 10px 10px 0;
+      }
+
+      .label{
+        letter-spacing: .18em;
+        font-weight: 700;
+        color: var(--muted);
+        text-transform: uppercase;
+        font-size: 16px;
+        margin-top: 8px;
+      }
+
+      .num{
+        font-family: "DSEG7ClassicRegular", ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, monospace;
+        font-weight: 400;
+        color: var(--accent);
+        text-shadow: 0 0 18px var(--accent-dim);
+      }
+
+      .value{
+        font-size: 70px;
+        line-height: 1.0;
+        margin: 6px 0 16px;
+      }
+
+      .binary{
+        font-size: 54px;
+        letter-spacing: .12em;
+        word-break: break-all;
+      }
+
+      /* Buttons under readout (as requested) */
+      .controls{
+        margin-top: 16px;
+        display:flex;
+        gap: 12px;
+        justify-content:center;
+        flex-wrap:wrap;
+      }
+
+      .btn{
+        background: rgba(255,255,255,.06);
+        border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14);
+        color: #fff;
+        padding: 12px 14px;
+        border-radius: 12px;
+        font-weight: 700;
+        cursor: pointer;
+        min-width: 160px;
+      }
+      .btn:active{ transform: translateY(1px); }
+
+      /* Settings panel cards */
+      .panel{
+        background: rgba(255,255,255,.04);
+        border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.10);
+        border-radius: 14px;
+        padding: 16px 16px 14px;
+        margin-bottom: 14px;
+      }
+      .panelTitle{
+        font-size: 12px;
+        letter-spacing: .16em;
+        text-transform: uppercase;
+        color: var(--muted);
+        font-weight: 800;
+        margin-bottom: 10px;
+      }
+      .panelRow{
+        display:flex;
+        align-items:center;
+        justify-content:space-between;
+        gap: 12px;
+      }
+      .hint{
+        color: var(--muted);
+        font-size: 12px;
+        margin-top: 10px;
+        line-height: 1.35;
+      }
+
+      /* Reusable toggle switch (for MODE and for each BIT) */
+      .switch{
+        position: relative;
+        width: 56px;
+        height: 34px;
+        display:inline-block;
+        flex: 0 0 auto;
+      }
+      .switch input{
+        opacity:0;
+        width:0;
+        height:0;
+      }
+      .slider{
+        position:absolute;
+        inset:0;
+        background: rgba(255,255,255,.10);
+        border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14);
+        border-radius: 999px;
+        transition: .18s ease;
+      }
+      .slider::before{
+        content:"";
+        position:absolute;
+        height: 28px;
+        width: 28px;
+        left: 3px;
+        top: 2px;
+        background: rgba(255,255,255,.92);
+        border-radius: 50%;
+        transition: .18s ease;
+      }
+      .switch input:checked + .slider{
+        background: rgba(51,255,122,.20);
+        border-color: rgba(51,255,122,.55);
+      }
+      .switch input:checked + .slider::before{
+        transform: translateX(22px);
+        background: var(--accent);
+      }
+
+      /* Bit width controls */
+      .bwControls{
+        display:grid;
+        grid-template-columns: 44px 1fr 44px;
+        gap: 10px;
+        align-items:center;
+        margin-top: 8px;
+      }
+      .bwBtn{
+        width: 44px;
+        height: 44px;
+        border-radius: 12px;
+        border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14);
+        background: rgba(255,255,255,.06);
+        color: #fff;
+        font-weight: 900;
+        cursor: pointer;
+      }
+      .bwBtn:active{ transform: translateY(1px); }
+
+      .bwInput{
+        display:flex;
+        align-items:center;
+        justify-content:space-between;
+        gap: 12px;
+        background: rgba(255,255,255,.05);
+        border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
+        border-radius: 12px;
+        padding: 10px 12px;
+      }
+      .bwLabel{
+        color: var(--muted);
+        font-size: 12px;
+        letter-spacing: .14em;
+        text-transform: uppercase;
+        font-weight: 800;
+      }
+      .bwField{
+        width: 100px;
+        text-align:right;
+        background: transparent;
+        border: none;
+        outline: none;
+        color: var(--accent);
+        font-family: "DSEG7ClassicRegular", ui-monospace, monospace;
+        font-size: 26px;
+        padding: 0;
+      }
+      .bwField::-webkit-outer-spin-button,
+      .bwField::-webkit-inner-spin-button { -webkit-appearance: none; margin: 0; }
+      .bwField[type=number] { -moz-appearance: textfield; }
+
+      /* Bits grid */
+      .bits{
+        margin-top: 34px;
+        padding-top: 26px;
+        border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
+        display:grid;
+        gap: 18px;
+        align-items:end;
+        text-align:center;
+      }
+
+      .bit{
+        display:flex;
+        flex-direction:column;
+        align-items:center;
+        gap: 10px;
+        padding: 8px 4px;
+      }
+
+      .bitVal{
+        font-size: 34px;
+        color: var(--text);
+        opacity: .95;
+      }
+
+      /* Bulb (must come back!) */
+      .bulb{
+        width: 22px;
+        height: 22px;
+        border-radius: 50%;
+        background: rgba(255,255,255,.08);
+        border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
+        box-shadow: none;
+        margin-bottom: 6px;
+      }
+      .bulb.on{
+        background: #ffd86b;
+        border-color: rgba(255,216,107,.7);
+        box-shadow: 0 0 18px rgba(255,216,107,.6);
+      }
+
+      /* Responsive */
+      @media (max-width: 1000px){
+        .layout{ grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
+        .value{ font-size: 60px; }
+        .binary{ font-size: 44px; }
+      }
+      @media (max-width: 900px){
+        .value{ font-size: 54px; }
+        .binary{ font-size: 36px; }
+        .btn{ min-width: 140px; }
+      }
+    </style>
+  </head>
+
+  <body>
+    <main class="wrap">
+      <section class="layout">
+        <!-- LEFT: readout + buttons -->
+        <div>
+          <div class="readout">
+            <div class="label">Denary</div>
+            <div id="denaryNumber" class="value num">0</div>
+
+            <div class="label">Binary</div>
+            <div id="binaryNumber" class="value binary num">00000000</div>
+
+            <div class="controls">
+              <button class="btn" id="btnCustomBinary" type="button">Custom Binary</button>
+              <button class="btn" id="btnCustomDenary" type="button">Custom Denary</button>
+              <button class="btn" id="btnShiftLeft" type="button">Left Shift</button>
+              <button class="btn" id="btnShiftRight" type="button">Right Shift</button>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
+          <!-- Bits grid (built by JS so bit-width 4..64 works) -->
+          <section id="bitsGrid" class="bits" aria-label="Bit switches"></section>
         </div>
 
-        <div class="divider"></div>
+        <!-- RIGHT: settings panel -->
+        <aside>
+          <div class="panel">
+            <div class="panelTitle">Mode</div>
+            <div class="panelRow">
+              <span style="font-weight:800;">Unsigned</span>
 
-        <section class="bitsWrap" aria-label="Bit switches">
+              <!-- MODE TOGGLE uses SAME switch style -->
-          <div class="bitsGrid" id="bitsGrid"></div>
+              <label class="switch" aria-label="Toggle Two's complement mode">
-        </section>
+                <input id="modeToggle" type="checkbox" />
-      </div>
+                <span class="slider"></span>
+              </label>
 
-      <!-- RIGHT TOOLBOX -->
+              <span style="font-weight:800;">Two’s complement</span>
-      <aside id="toolbox" class="panelCol" aria-label="Toolbox">
+            </div>
-        <!-- SETTINGS -->
+            <div class="hint">
-        <div class="card">
+              Tip: In two’s complement, the left-most bit (MSB) represents a negative value.
-          <div class="cardTitle">Settings</div>
+            </div>
-
-          <div class="toggleRow">
-            <div class="toggleLabel" id="lblUnsigned">Unsigned</div>
-            <label class="switch" aria-label="Toggle mode">
-              <input id="modeToggle" type="checkbox" />
-              <span class="slider"></span>
-            </label>
-            <div class="toggleLabel" id="lblTwos">Two&rsquo;s complement</div>
           </div>
 
-          <div class="hint" id="modeHint">
+          <div class="panel">
-            Tip: In unsigned binary, all bits represent positive values.
+            <div class="panelTitle">Bit width</div>
-          </div>
 
-          <div class="subCard">
+            <div class="bwControls">
-            <div class="subTitle">Bit width</div>
+              <button class="bwBtn" id="btnBitsDown" type="button" aria-label="Decrease bits">−</button>
-            <div class="bitWidthRow">
-              <button class="miniBtn" id="btnBitsDown" type="button" aria-label="Decrease bits">−</button>
 
-              <div class="bitInputWrap">
+              <div class="bwInput">
-                <div class="bitInputLabel">Bits</div>
+                <div class="bwLabel">Bits</div>
                 <input
-                  id="bitsInput"
+                  id="bitsField"
-                  class="bitInput"
+                  class="bwField"
                   type="number"
-                  inputmode="numeric"
+                  min="4"
-                  min="1"
                   max="64"
                   step="1"
                   value="8"
-                  aria-label="Number of bits"
+                  inputmode="numeric"
                 />
               </div>
 
-              <button class="miniBtn" id="btnBitsUp" type="button" aria-label="Increase bits">+</button>
+              <button class="bwBtn" id="btnBitsUp" type="button" aria-label="Increase bits">+</button>
+            </div>
+
+            <div class="hint">
+              Minimum 4 bits, maximum 64 bits.
             </div>
           </div>
-        </div>
+        </aside>
+      </section>
+    </main>
 
-        <!-- CUSTOM -->
+    <script type="module">
-        <div class="card">
+      // ---------- State ----------
-          <div class="cardTitle">Custom</div>
+      let bitsCount = 8;           // 4..64
+      let isTwos = false;          // false = unsigned
+      let bitStates = [];          // MSB -> LSB booleans
 
-          <div class="twoBtnRow">
+      // ---------- Helpers ----------
-            <button class="btn btnAccent" id="btnCustomBinary" type="button">Custom Binary</button>
+      function clamp(n, min, max){ return Math.min(max, Math.max(min, n)); }
-            <button class="btn btnAccent" id="btnCustomDenary" type="button">Custom Denary</button>
-          </div>
 
-          <button class="toolBtn toolWide toolRandom" id="btnRandom" type="button">
+      function pow2(n){
-            Random
+        // for up to 64 bits, Number is still OK for *visual simulator*.
-          </button>
+        // if you later want exact 64-bit maths, swap to BigInt end-to-end.
+        return 2 ** n;
+      }
 
-          <div class="hint">Random runs briefly then stops automatically.</div>
+      function getPlaceValues(){
-        </div>
+        // MSB -> LSB
+        // Unsigned: [2^(n-1), ..., 1]
+        // Two's:    [-2^(n-1), 2^(n-2), ..., 1]
+        const vals = [];
+        for (let i = 0; i < bitsCount; i++){
+          const power = bitsCount - 1 - i;
+          if (isTwos && i === 0){
+            vals.push(-pow2(power));
+          } else {
+            vals.push(pow2(power));
+          }
+        }
+        return vals;
+      }
 
-        <!-- TOOLS -->
+      function binaryString(){
-        <div class="card">
+        return bitStates.map(b => (b ? "1" : "0")).join("");
-          <div class="cardTitle">Tools</div>
+      }
 
-          <div class="toolsTopRow">
+      function denaryValue(){
-            <button class="toolBtn toolArrow toolDown" id="btnDec" type="button" aria-label="Decrement">▼</button>
+        const values = getPlaceValues();
-            <button class="toolBtn toolArrow toolUp" id="btnInc" type="button" aria-label="Increment">▲</button>
+        let sum = 0;
-          </div>
+        for (let i = 0; i < bitsCount; i++){
+          if (bitStates[i]) sum += values[i];
+        }
+        return sum;
+      }
 
-          <div class="twoBtnRow">
+      function rangeForMode(){
-            <button class="btn" id="btnShiftLeft" type="button">Left Shift</button>
+        if (!isTwos){
-            <button class="btn" id="btnShiftRight" type="button">Right Shift</button>
+          return { min: 0, max: pow2(bitsCount) - 1 };
-          </div>
+        }
+        return { min: -pow2(bitsCount - 1), max: pow2(bitsCount - 1) - 1 };
+      }
 
-          <button class="toolBtn toolWide toolReset" id="btnClear" type="button">Reset</button>
+      function updateReadout(){
-        </div>
+        document.getElementById("binaryNumber").innerText = binaryString();
-      </aside>
+        document.getElementById("denaryNumber").innerText = String(denaryValue());
-    </section>
-  </main>
 
-  <script type="module" src="/src/scripts/binary.js"></script>
+        // bulb on/off updates:
-</BaseLayout>
+        for (let i = 0; i < bitsCount; i++){
+          const bulb = document.getElementById(`bulb-${i}`);
+          if (bulb) bulb.classList.toggle("on", !!bitStates[i]);
+        }
+      }
+
+      // ---------- DOM build for bits grid ----------
+      function setBitsGridColumns(){
+        const grid = document.getElementById("bitsGrid");
+        // make it adapt (up to 16 per row max, then wraps)
+        const cols = clamp(bitsCount, 4, 16);
+        grid.style.gridTemplateColumns = `repeat(${cols}, 1fr)`;
+      }
+
+      function buildBitsGrid(){
+        const grid = document.getElementById("bitsGrid");
+        grid.innerHTML = "";
+
+        setBitsGridColumns();
+
+        const values = getPlaceValues();
+
+        for (let i = 0; i < bitsCount; i++){
+          const v = values[i];
+
+          const bit = document.createElement("div");
+          bit.className = "bit";
+
+          const bulb = document.createElement("div");
+          bulb.className = "bulb";
+          bulb.id = `bulb-${i}`;
+          bulb.setAttribute("aria-hidden", "true");
+
+          const val = document.createElement("div");
+          val.className = "bitVal num";
+          // show absolute label for MSB in twos? No — show the actual negative value (clear to students).
+          val.textContent = String(v);
+
+          // IMPORTANT: bit switch must be the SAME style as MODE switch
+          const label = document.createElement("label");
+          label.className = "switch";
+          label.setAttribute("aria-label", `Toggle bit ${v}`);
+
+          const input = document.createElement("input");
+          input.type = "checkbox";
+          input.dataset.index = String(i);
+          input.checked = !!bitStates[i];
+
+          const slider = document.createElement("span");
+          slider.className = "slider";
+
+          input.addEventListener("change", () => {
+            bitStates[i] = input.checked;
+            updateReadout();
+          });
+
+          label.appendChild(input);
+          label.appendChild(slider);
+
+          bit.appendChild(bulb);
+          bit.appendChild(val);
+          bit.appendChild(label);
+          grid.appendChild(bit);
+        }
+
+        updateReadout();
+      }
+
+      // ---------- Set state from binary / denary ----------
+      function setFromBinary(bin){
+        const clean = String(bin).replace(/\s+/g, "");
+        if (!/^[01]+$/.test(clean)) return false;
+
+        const padded = clean.slice(-bitsCount).padStart(bitsCount, "0");
+        bitStates = [...padded].map(ch => ch === "1");
+
+        // update toggles without rebuilding
+        for (let i = 0; i < bitsCount; i++){
+          const toggle = document.querySelector(`input[type="checkbox"][data-index="${i}"]`);
+          if (toggle) toggle.checked = bitStates[i];
+        }
+        updateReadout();
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      function setFromDenary(n){
+        const num = Number(n);
+        if (!Number.isInteger(num)) return false;
+
+        const { min, max } = rangeForMode();
+        if (num < min || num > max) return false;
+
+        // convert to bit pattern
+        let unsignedVal;
+        if (!isTwos){
+          unsignedVal = num;
+        } else {
+          // two's complement representation
+          unsignedVal = num < 0 ? (pow2(bitsCount) + num) : num;
+        }
+
+        // build MSB->LSB bits from unsignedVal
+        const newBits = [];
+        for (let i = 0; i < bitsCount; i++){
+          const power = bitsCount - 1 - i;
+          const bit = Math.floor(unsignedVal / pow2(power)) % 2;
+          newBits.push(bit === 1);
+        }
+        bitStates = newBits;
+
+        for (let i = 0; i < bitsCount; i++){
+          const toggle = document.querySelector(`input[type="checkbox"][data-index="${i}"]`);
+          if (toggle) toggle.checked = bitStates[i];
+        }
+        updateReadout();
+        return true;
+      }
+
+      // ---------- Shifts ----------
+      function shiftLeft(){
+        // logical left shift: drop MSB, add 0 at LSB
+        bitStates = bitStates.slice(1).concat(false);
+        buildBitsGrid(); // rebuild keeps labels correct if mode changed (also updates bulbs)
+      }
+
+      function shiftRight(){
+        if (!isTwos){
+          // logical right shift
+          bitStates = [false].concat(bitStates.slice(0, -1));
+        } else {
+          // arithmetic right shift (preserve MSB)
+          const msb = bitStates[0];
+          bitStates = [msb].concat(bitStates.slice(0, -1));
+        }
+        buildBitsGrid();
+      }
+
+      // ---------- Bit width ----------
+      function applyBitsCount(next){
+        const wanted = clamp(Number(next) || 8, 4, 64);
+        if (wanted === bitsCount) return;
+
+        // keep the right-most (LSB) bits when resizing (feels natural)
+        const old = binaryString();
+        bitsCount = wanted;
+
+        // rebuild state from old binary, keeping LSBs
+        const padded = old.slice(-bitsCount).padStart(bitsCount, "0");
+        bitStates = [...padded].map(ch => ch === "1");
+
+        document.getElementById("bitsField").value = String(bitsCount);
+        buildBitsGrid();
+      }
+
+      // ---------- Mode toggle ----------
+      function applyMode(nextIsTwos){
+        const prevDenary = denaryValue(); // keep the *value* if possible
+        isTwos = !!nextIsTwos;
+
+        // Try to keep the denary value, but clamp if it becomes invalid in the new mode
+        const { min, max } = rangeForMode();
+        const kept = clamp(prevDenary, min, max);
+        setFromDenary(kept);
+
+        buildBitsGrid();
+      }
+
+      // ---------- Wire up UI ----------
+      function wireUI(){
+        document.getElementById("btnShiftLeft").addEventListener("click", shiftLeft);
+        document.getElementById("btnShiftRight").addEventListener("click", shiftRight);
+
+        document.getElementById("btnCustomBinary").addEventListener("click", () => {
+          const val = prompt(`Enter a binary number (up to ${bitsCount} bits):`);
+          if (val === null) return;
+          if (!setFromBinary(val)) alert("Invalid input. Use only 0 and 1.");
+        });
+
+        document.getElementById("btnCustomDenary").addEventListener("click", () => {
+          const { min, max } = rangeForMode();
+          const val = prompt(`Enter a denary number (${min} to ${max}):`);
+          if (val === null) return;
+          if (!setFromDenary(val)) alert(`Invalid input. Enter an integer from ${min} to ${max}.`);
+        });
+
+        // Mode toggle
+        const modeToggle = document.getElementById("modeToggle");
+        modeToggle.addEventListener("change", () => applyMode(modeToggle.checked));
+
+        // Bit width +/- and manual entry
+        document.getElementById("btnBitsDown").addEventListener("click", () => applyBitsCount(bitsCount - 1));
+        document.getElementById("btnBitsUp").addEventListener("click", () => applyBitsCount(bitsCount + 1));
+
+        const bitsField = document.getElementById("bitsField");
+        bitsField.addEventListener("change", () => applyBitsCount(bitsField.value));
+        bitsField.addEventListener("blur", () => applyBitsCount(bitsField.value));
+        bitsField.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => {
+          if (e.key === "Enter") applyBitsCount(bitsField.value);
+        });
+      }
+
+      // ---------- Init ----------
+      function init(){
+        // default: 8-bit unsigned
+        bitsCount = 8;
+        isTwos = false;
+        bitStates = Array(bitsCount).fill(false);
+
+        document.getElementById("modeToggle").checked = false;
+        document.getElementById("bitsField").value = String(bitsCount);
+
+        wireUI();
+        buildBitsGrid();
+      }
+
+      init();
+    </script>
+  </body>
+</html>

src/pages/hexadecimal.astro

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
----
-import BaseLayout from "../layouts/BaseLayout.astro";
-import HexSimulator from "../components/simulators/HexSimulator.astro";
----
-
-<BaseLayout title="Hexadecimal | Computing:Box">
-  <HexSimulator />
-</BaseLayout>

src/scripts/binary.js

@@ -1,419 +0,0 @@
-// src/scripts/binary.js
-// Computing:Box — Binary page logic (Unsigned + Two's Complement)
-
-(() => {
-  /* -----------------------------
-     DOM
-  ----------------------------- */
-  const bitsGrid = document.getElementById("bitsGrid");
-  const denaryEl = document.getElementById("denaryNumber");
-  const binaryEl = document.getElementById("binaryNumber");
-  const bitsInput = document.getElementById("bitsInput");
-
-  const modeToggle = document.getElementById("modeToggle");
-  const modeHint = document.getElementById("modeHint");
-
-  const btnCustomBinary = document.getElementById("btnCustomBinary");
-  const btnCustomDenary = document.getElementById("btnCustomDenary");
-  const btnShiftLeft = document.getElementById("btnShiftLeft");
-  const btnShiftRight = document.getElementById("btnShiftRight");
-
-  const btnDec = document.getElementById("btnDec");
-  const btnInc = document.getElementById("btnInc");
-  const btnClear = document.getElementById("btnClear");
-  const btnRandom = document.getElementById("btnRandom");
-
-  const btnBitsUp = document.getElementById("btnBitsUp");
-  const btnBitsDown = document.getElementById("btnBitsDown");
-
-  const toolboxToggle = document.getElementById("toolboxToggle");
-  const toolboxPanel = document.getElementById("toolboxPanel");
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     STATE
-  ----------------------------- */
-  let bitCount = clampInt(Number(bitsInput?.value ?? 8), 1, 64);
-  let bits = new Array(bitCount).fill(false);
-
-  let randomTimer = null;
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     HELPERS
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function clampInt(n, min, max) {
-    if (!Number.isFinite(n)) return min;
-    return Math.max(min, Math.min(max, Math.trunc(n)));
-  }
-
-  function isTwosMode() {
-    return !!modeToggle?.checked;
-  }
-
-  function pow2Big(n) {
-    return 1n << BigInt(n);
-  }
-
-  function unsignedMaxExclusive(nBits) {
-    return pow2Big(nBits);
-  }
-
-  function unsignedMaxValue(nBits) {
-    return pow2Big(nBits) - 1n;
-  }
-
-  function twosMin(nBits) {
-    return -pow2Big(nBits - 1);
-  }
-
-  function twosMax(nBits) {
-    return pow2Big(nBits - 1) - 1n;
-  }
-
-  function bitsToUnsignedBigInt() {
-    let v = 0n;
-    for (let i = 0; i < bitCount; i++) {
-      if (bits[i]) v += pow2Big(i);
-    }
-    return v;
-  }
-
-  function unsignedBigIntToBits(vUnsigned) {
-    const span = unsignedMaxExclusive(bitCount);
-    const v = ((vUnsigned % span) + span) % span;
-    for (let i = 0; i < bitCount; i++) {
-      bits[i] = ((v >> BigInt(i)) & 1n) === 1n;
-    }
-  }
-
-  function bitsToSignedBigIntTwos() {
-    const u = bitsToUnsignedBigInt();
-    const signBit = bits[bitCount - 1] === true;
-    if (!signBit) return u;
-    return u - pow2Big(bitCount);
-  }
-
-  function signedBigIntToBitsTwos(vSigned) {
-    const span = pow2Big(bitCount);
-    let v = ((vSigned % span) + span) % span;
-    unsignedBigIntToBits(v);
-  }
-
-  function formatBinaryGrouped() {
-    let s = "";
-    for (let i = bitCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-      s += bits[i] ? "1" : "0";
-      const posFromRight = (bitCount - i);
-      if (i !== 0 && posFromRight % 4 === 0) s += " ";
-    }
-    return s;
-  }
-
-  function updateModeHint() {
-    if (!modeHint) return;
-    modeHint.textContent = isTwosMode()
-      ? "Tip: In two’s complement, the left-most bit (MSB) represents a negative value."
-      : "Tip: In unsigned binary, all bits represent positive values.";
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     BUILD UI (BITS)
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function buildBits(count) {
-    bitCount = clampInt(count, 1, 64);
-    if (bitsInput) bitsInput.value = String(bitCount);
-
-    const oldBits = bits.slice();
-    bits = new Array(bitCount).fill(false);
-    for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(oldBits.length, bitCount); i++) bits[i] = oldBits[i];
-
-    bitsGrid.innerHTML = "";
-
-    for (let i = bitCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-      const bitEl = document.createElement("div");
-      bitEl.className = "bit";
-      bitEl.innerHTML = `
-        <div class="bulb" id="bulb-${i}" aria-hidden="true">💡</div>
-        <div class="bitVal" id="bitLabel-${i}"></div>
-        <label class="switch" aria-label="Toggle bit ${i}">
-          <input type="checkbox" data-index="${i}">
-          <span class="slider"></span>
-        </label>
-      `;
-      bitsGrid.appendChild(bitEl);
-    }
-
-    bitsGrid.querySelectorAll('input[type="checkbox"]').forEach((input) => {
-      input.addEventListener("change", () => {
-        const i = Number(input.dataset.index);
-        bits[i] = input.checked;
-        updateUI();
-      });
-    });
-
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     UI UPDATE
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function updateBitLabels() {
-    for (let i = 0; i < bitCount; i++) {
-      const label = document.getElementById(`bitLabel-${i}`);
-      if (!label) continue;
-
-      // Keep label on ONE LINE (no wrapping)
-      label.style.whiteSpace = "nowrap";
-
-      if (isTwosMode() && i === bitCount - 1) {
-        label.textContent = `-${pow2Big(bitCount - 1).toString()}`;
-      } else {
-        label.textContent = pow2Big(i).toString();
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  function syncSwitchesToBits() {
-    bitsGrid.querySelectorAll('input[type="checkbox"]').forEach((input) => {
-      const i = Number(input.dataset.index);
-      input.checked = !!bits[i];
-    });
-  }
-
-  function updateBulbs() {
-    for (let i = 0; i < bitCount; i++) {
-      const bulb = document.getElementById(`bulb-${i}`);
-      if (!bulb) continue;
-      bulb.classList.toggle("on", bits[i] === true);
-    }
-  }
-
-  function updateReadout() {
-    if (!denaryEl || !binaryEl) return;
-    denaryEl.textContent = (isTwosMode() ? bitsToSignedBigIntTwos() : bitsToUnsignedBigInt()).toString();
-    binaryEl.textContent = formatBinaryGrouped();
-  }
-
-  function updateUI() {
-    updateModeHint();
-    updateBitLabels();
-    syncSwitchesToBits();
-    updateBulbs();
-    updateReadout();
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     INPUT SETTERS
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function setFromBinaryString(binStr) {
-    const clean = String(binStr ?? "").replace(/\s+/g, "");
-    if (!/^[01]+$/.test(clean)) return false;
-    const padded = clean.slice(-bitCount).padStart(bitCount, "0");
-    for (let i = 0; i < bitCount; i++) {
-      const charFromRight = padded[padded.length - 1 - i];
-      bits[i] = charFromRight === "1";
-    }
-    updateUI();
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  function setFromDenaryInput(vStr) {
-    const raw = String(vStr ?? "").trim();
-    if (!raw) return false;
-
-    let v;
-    try {
-      if (!/^-?\d+$/.test(raw)) return false;
-      v = BigInt(raw);
-    } catch {
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    if (isTwosMode()) {
-      const min = twosMin(bitCount);
-      const max = twosMax(bitCount);
-      if (v < min || v > max) return false;
-      signedBigIntToBitsTwos(v);
-    } else {
-      if (v < 0n) return false;
-      if (v > unsignedMaxValue(bitCount)) return false;
-      unsignedBigIntToBits(v);
-    }
-
-    updateUI();
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     SHIFTS
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function shiftLeft() {
-    for (let i = bitCount - 1; i >= 1; i--) bits[i] = bits[i - 1];
-    bits[0] = false;
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  function shiftRight() {
-    // Unsigned: logical right shift (MSB becomes 0)
-    // Two's complement: arithmetic right shift (MSB preserved)
-    const msb = bits[bitCount - 1];
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < bitCount - 1; i++) bits[i] = bits[i + 1];
-
-    bits[bitCount - 1] = isTwosMode() ? msb : false;
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     CLEAR / INC / DEC
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function clearAll() {
-    bits.fill(false);
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  function increment() {
-    if (isTwosMode()) {
-      const min = twosMin(bitCount);
-      const max = twosMax(bitCount);
-      let v = bitsToSignedBigIntTwos() + 1n;
-      if (v > max) v = min;
-      signedBigIntToBitsTwos(v);
-    } else {
-      const span = unsignedMaxExclusive(bitCount);
-      const v = (bitsToUnsignedBigInt() + 1n) % span;
-      unsignedBigIntToBits(v);
-    }
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  function decrement() {
-    if (isTwosMode()) {
-      const min = twosMin(bitCount);
-      const max = twosMax(bitCount);
-      let v = bitsToSignedBigIntTwos() - 1n;
-      if (v < min) v = max;
-      signedBigIntToBitsTwos(v);
-    } else {
-      const span = unsignedMaxExclusive(bitCount);
-      const v = (bitsToUnsignedBigInt() - 1n + span) % span;
-      unsignedBigIntToBits(v);
-    }
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     RANDOM (with running pulse + longer run)
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function cryptoRandomBigInt(maxExclusive) {
-    if (maxExclusive <= 0n) return 0n;
-
-    const bitLen = maxExclusive.toString(2).length;
-    const byteLen = Math.ceil(bitLen / 8);
-
-    while (true) {
-      const bytes = new Uint8Array(byteLen);
-      crypto.getRandomValues(bytes);
-
-      let x = 0n;
-      for (const b of bytes) x = (x << 8n) | BigInt(b);
-
-      const extraBits = BigInt(byteLen * 8 - bitLen);
-      if (extraBits > 0n) x = x >> extraBits;
-
-      if (x < maxExclusive) return x;
-    }
-  }
-
-  function setRandomOnce() {
-    const span = unsignedMaxExclusive(bitCount); // 2^n
-    const u = cryptoRandomBigInt(span);
-    unsignedBigIntToBits(u);
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  function runRandomBriefly() {
-    if (randomTimer) {
-      clearInterval(randomTimer);
-      randomTimer = null;
-    }
-
-    // pulse while running
-    btnRandom?.classList.add("is-running");
-
-    const start = Date.now();
-    const durationMs = 1125; // 25% longer than 900ms
-    const tickMs = 80;
-
-    randomTimer = setInterval(() => {
-      setRandomOnce();
-      if (Date.now() - start >= durationMs) {
-        clearInterval(randomTimer);
-        randomTimer = null;
-        btnRandom?.classList.remove("is-running");
-      }
-    }, tickMs);
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     BIT WIDTH
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function setBitWidth(n) {
-    buildBits(clampInt(n, 1, 64));
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     TOOLBOX VISIBILITY
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function setToolboxVisible(isVisible) {
-    if (!toolboxPanel) return;
-    toolboxPanel.style.display = isVisible ? "flex" : "none";
-    toolboxToggle?.setAttribute("aria-expanded", String(isVisible));
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     EVENTS
-  ----------------------------- */
-  modeToggle?.addEventListener("change", updateUI);
-
-  btnCustomBinary?.addEventListener("click", () => {
-    const v = prompt(`Enter binary (spaces allowed). Current width: ${bitCount} bits`);
-    if (v === null) return;
-    if (!setFromBinaryString(v)) alert("Invalid binary");
-  });
-
-  btnCustomDenary?.addEventListener("click", () => {
-    const v = prompt(
-      isTwosMode()
-        ? `Enter denary (${twosMin(bitCount)} to ${twosMax(bitCount)}):`
-        : `Enter denary (0 to ${unsignedMaxValue(bitCount)}):`
-    );
-    if (v === null) return;
-    if (!setFromDenaryInput(v)) alert("Invalid denary for current mode/bit width");
-  });
-
-  btnShiftLeft?.addEventListener("click", shiftLeft);
-  btnShiftRight?.addEventListener("click", shiftRight);
-
-  btnInc?.addEventListener("click", increment);
-  btnDec?.addEventListener("click", decrement);
-
-  btnClear?.addEventListener("click", clearAll);
-  btnRandom?.addEventListener("click", runRandomBriefly);
-
-  btnBitsUp?.addEventListener("click", () => setBitWidth(bitCount + 1));
-  btnBitsDown?.addEventListener("click", () => setBitWidth(bitCount - 1));
-
-  bitsInput?.addEventListener("change", () => setBitWidth(Number(bitsInput.value)));
-
-  toolboxToggle?.addEventListener("click", () => {
-    const isOpen = toolboxToggle.getAttribute("aria-expanded") !== "false";
-    setToolboxVisible(!isOpen);
-  });
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     INIT
-  ----------------------------- */
-  updateModeHint();
-  buildBits(bitCount);
-  setToolboxVisible(true);
-})();

src/scripts/unsignedBinary.js

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+let bits = [128,64,32,16,8,4,2,1];
+let state = Array(8).fill(0);
+
+const denaryEl = document.getElementById("denaryNumber");
+const binaryEl = document.getElementById("binaryNumber");
+const bitEls = document.querySelectorAll(".bit");
+
+bitEls.forEach((el, i) => {
+  el.addEventListener("click", () => {
+    state[i] = state[i] ? 0 : 1;
+    el.classList.toggle("on");
+    update();
+  });
+});
+
+function update() {
+  const denary = state.reduce((sum, bit, i) => sum + bit * bits[i], 0);
+  denaryEl.textContent = denary;
+  binaryEl.textContent = state.join("");
+}
+
+function requestBinary() {
+  const input = prompt("Enter 8-bit binary:");
+  if (!/^[01]{8}$/.test(input)) return;
+  state = input.split("").map(Number);
+  bitEls.forEach((el,i)=>el.classList.toggle("on",state[i]));
+  update();
+}
+
+function requestDenary() {
+  const input = parseInt(prompt("Enter denary (0–255)"),10);
+  if (isNaN(input) || input < 0 || input > 255) return;
+
+  let value = input;
+  state = bits.map(b => {
+    if (value >= b) {
+      value -= b;
+      return 1;
+    }
+    return 0;
+  });
+
+  bitEls.forEach((el,i)=>el.classList.toggle("on",state[i]));
+  update();
+}
+
+function shiftBinary(dir) {
+  if (dir === "left") state.shift(), state.push(0);
+  if (dir === "right") state.pop(), state.unshift(0);
+  bitEls.forEach((el,i)=>el.classList.toggle("on",state[i]));
+  update();
+}
+
+update();

src/src/assets/astro.svg

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" width="115" height="48"><path fill="#17191E" d="M7.77 36.35C6.4 35.11 6 32.51 6.57 30.62c.99 1.2 2.35 1.57 3.75 1.78 2.18.33 4.31.2 6.33-.78.23-.12.44-.27.7-.42.18.55.23 1.1.17 1.67a4.56 4.56 0 0 1-1.94 3.23c-.43.32-.9.61-1.34.91-1.38.94-1.76 2.03-1.24 3.62l.05.17a3.63 3.63 0 0 1-1.6-1.38 3.87 3.87 0 0 1-.63-2.1c0-.37 0-.74-.05-1.1-.13-.9-.55-1.3-1.33-1.32a1.56 1.56 0 0 0-1.63 1.26c0 .06-.03.12-.05.2Z"/><path fill="url(#a)" d="M7.77 36.35C6.4 35.11 6 32.51 6.57 30.62c.99 1.2 2.35 1.57 3.75 1.78 2.18.33 4.31.2 6.33-.78.23-.12.44-.27.7-.42.18.55.23 1.1.17 1.67a4.56 4.56 0 0 1-1.94 3.23c-.43.32-.9.61-1.34.91-1.38.94-1.76 2.03-1.24 3.62l.05.17a3.63 3.63 0 0 1-1.6-1.38 3.87 3.87 0 0 1-.63-2.1c0-.37 0-.74-.05-1.1-.13-.9-.55-1.3-1.33-1.32a1.56 1.56 0 0 0-1.63 1.26c0 .06-.03.12-.05.2Z"/><path fill="#17191E" d="M.02 30.31s4.02-1.95 8.05-1.95l3.04-9.4c.11-.45.44-.76.82-.76.37 0 .7.31.82.76l3.04 9.4c4.77 0 8.05 1.95 8.05 1.95L17 11.71c-.2-.56-.53-.91-.98-.91H7.83c-.44 0-.76.35-.97.9L.02 30.31Zm42.37-5.97c0 1.64-2.05 2.62-4.88 2.62-1.85 0-2.5-.45-2.5-1.41 0-1 .8-1.49 2.65-1.49 1.67 0 3.09.03 4.73.23v.05Zm.03-2.04a21.37 21.37 0 0 0-4.37-.36c-5.32 0-7.82 1.25-7.82 4.18 0 3.04 1.71 4.2 5.68 4.2 3.35 0 5.63-.84 6.46-2.92h.14c-.03.5-.05 1-.05 1.4 0 1.07.18 1.16 1.06 1.16h4.15a16.9 16.9 0 0 1-.36-4c0-1.67.06-2.93.06-4.62 0-3.45-2.07-5.64-8.56-5.64-2.8 0-5.9.48-8.26 1.19.22.93.54 2.83.7 4.06 2.04-.96 4.95-1.37 7.2-1.37 3.11 0 3.97.71 3.97 2.15v.57Zm11.37 3c-.56.07-1.33.07-2.12.07-.83 0-1.6-.03-2.12-.1l-.02.58c0 2.85 1.87 4.52 8.45 4.52 6.2 0 8.2-1.64 8.2-4.55 0-2.74-1.33-4.09-7.2-4.39-4.58-.2-4.99-.7-4.99-1.28 0-.66.59-1 3.65-1 3.18 0 4.03.43 4.03 1.35v.2a46.13 46.13 0 0 1 4.24.03l.02-.55c0-3.36-2.8-4.46-8.2-4.46-6.08 0-8.13 1.49-8.13 4.39 0 2.6 1.64 4.23 7.48 4.48 4.3.14 4.77.62 4.77 1.28 0 .7-.7 1.03-3.71 1.03-3.47 0-4.35-.48-4.35-1.47v-.13Zm19.82-12.05a17.5 17.5 0 0 1-6.24 3.48c.03.84.03 2.4.03 3.24l1.5.02c-.02 1.63-.04 3.6-.04 4.9 0 3.04 1.6 5.32 6.58 5.32 2.1 0 3.5-.23 5.23-.6a43.77 43.77 0 0 1-.46-4.13c-1.03.34-2.34.53-3.78.53-2 0-2.82-.55-2.82-2.13 0-1.37 0-2.65.03-3.84 2.57.02 5.13.07 6.64.11-.02-1.18.03-2.9.1-4.04-2.2.04-4.65.07-6.68.07l.07-2.93h-.16Zm13.46 6.04a767.33 767.33 0 0 1 .07-3.18H82.6c.07 1.96.07 3.98.07 6.92 0 2.95-.03 4.99-.07 6.93h5.18c-.09-1.37-.11-3.68-.11-5.65 0-3.1 1.26-4 4.12-4 1.33 0 2.28.16 3.1.46.03-1.16.26-3.43.4-4.43-.86-.25-1.81-.41-2.96-.41-2.46-.03-4.26.98-5.1 3.38l-.17-.02Zm22.55 3.65c0 2.5-1.8 3.66-4.64 3.66-2.81 0-4.61-1.1-4.61-3.66s1.82-3.52 4.61-3.52c2.82 0 4.64 1.03 4.64 3.52Zm4.71-.11c0-4.96-3.87-7.18-9.35-7.18-5.5 0-9.23 2.22-9.23 7.18 0 4.94 3.49 7.59 9.21 7.59 5.77 0 9.37-2.65 9.37-7.6Z"/><defs><linearGradient id="a" x1="6.33" x2="19.43" y1="40.8" y2="34.6" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse"><stop stop-color="#D83333"/><stop offset="1" stop-color="#F041FF"/></linearGradient></defs></svg>

src/src/assets/background.svg

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1440" height="1024" fill="none"><path fill="url(#a)" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M-217.58 475.75c91.82-72.02 225.52-29.38 341.2-44.74C240 415.56 372.33 315.14 466.77 384.9c102.9 76.02 44.74 246.76 90.31 366.31 29.83 78.24 90.48 136.14 129.48 210.23 57.92 109.99 169.67 208.23 155.9 331.77-13.52 121.26-103.42 264.33-224.23 281.37-141.96 20.03-232.72-220.96-374.06-196.99-151.7 25.73-172.68 330.24-325.85 315.72-128.6-12.2-110.9-230.73-128.15-358.76-12.16-90.14 65.87-176.25 44.1-264.57-26.42-107.2-167.12-163.46-176.72-273.45-10.15-116.29 33.01-248.75 124.87-320.79Z" clip-rule="evenodd" style="opacity:.154"/><path fill="url(#b)" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M1103.43 115.43c146.42-19.45 275.33-155.84 413.5-103.59 188.09 71.13 409 212.64 407.06 413.88-1.94 201.25-259.28 278.6-414.96 405.96-130 106.35-240.24 294.39-405.6 265.3-163.7-28.8-161.93-274.12-284.34-386.66-134.95-124.06-436-101.46-445.82-284.6-9.68-180.38 247.41-246.3 413.54-316.9 101.01-42.93 207.83 21.06 316.62 6.61Z" clip-rule="evenodd" style="opacity:.154"/><defs><linearGradient id="b" x1="373" x2="1995.44" y1="1100" y2="118.03" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse"><stop stop-color="#D83333"/><stop offset="1" stop-color="#F041FF"/></linearGradient><linearGradient id="a" x1="107.37" x2="1130.66" y1="1993.35" y2="1026.31" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse"><stop stop-color="#3245FF"/><stop offset="1" stop-color="#BC52EE"/></linearGradient></defs></svg>

src/src/components/Footer.astro

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-<footer class="siteFooter">
-  <div class="inner">
-    <div class="title">Computer Science Concept Simulators</div>
-    <div class="meta">
-      © 2025 Computing:Box · Created with 💗 by Mr Lyall<br />
-      Powered by ADCM Networks
-    </div>
-  </div>
-</footer>
-
-<style>
-  .siteFooter{
-    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.10);
-    background: rgba(0,0,0,.10);
-  }
-  .inner{
-    max-width:1200px;
-    margin:0 auto;
-    padding: 18px 20px;
-    color: rgba(255,255,255,.65);
-    font-size: 12px;
-    line-height: 1.6;
-  }
-  .title{
-    color: rgba(255,255,255,.80);
-    font-weight: 800;
-    margin-bottom: 6px;
-  }
-</style>

src/src/components/Header.astro

@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-<header class="siteHeader">
-  <div class="inner">
-    <div class="brand">
-      <a href="/">Computing:Box</a>
-    </div>
-
-    <nav class="nav">
-      <a href="/binary">Binary</a>
-      <a href="/hexadecimal">Hexadecimal</a>
-      <a href="/hex-colours">Hex Colours</a>
-      <a href="/logic-gates">Logic Gates</a>
-      <a href="/about">About</a>
-    </nav>
-  </div>
-</header>
-
-<style>
-  .siteHeader{
-    height: 64px;
-    display:flex;
-    align-items:center;
-    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.10);
-    background: rgba(0,0,0,.10);
-    backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
-  }
-  .inner{
-    max-width: 1200px;
-    width: 100%;
-    margin: 0 auto;
-    padding: 0 20px;
-    display:flex;
-    align-items:center;
-    justify-content: space-between;
-    gap: 18px;
-  }
-  .brand a{
-    color:#fff;
-    text-decoration:none;
-    font-weight: 800;
-    letter-spacing: .02em;
-  }
-  .nav{
-    display:flex;
-    gap: 16px;
-    flex-wrap: wrap;
-  }
-  .nav a{
-    color: rgba(255,255,255,.78);
-    text-decoration:none;
-    font-weight: 700;
-    font-size: 13px;
-    letter-spacing:.02em;
-  }
-  .nav a:hover{
-    color:#fff;
-  }
-</style>

src/src/components/Welcome.astro

@@ -1,210 +0,0 @@
----
-import astroLogo from '../assets/astro.svg';
-import background from '../assets/background.svg';
----
-
-<div id="container">
-	<img id="background" src={background.src} alt="" fetchpriority="high" />
-	<main>
-		<section id="hero">
-			<a href="https://astro.build"
-				><img src={astroLogo.src} width="115" height="48" alt="Astro Homepage" /></a
-			>
-			<h1>
-				To get started, open the <code><pre>src/pages</pre></code> directory in your project.
-			</h1>
-			<section id="links">
-				<a class="button" href="https://docs.astro.build">Read our docs</a>
-				<a href="https://astro.build/chat"
-					>Join our Discord <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 127.14 96.36"
-						><path
-							fill="currentColor"
-							d="M107.7 8.07A105.15 105.15 0 0 0 81.47 0a72.06 72.06 0 0 0-3.36 6.83 97.68 97.68 0 0 0-29.11 0A72.37 72.37 0 0 0 45.64 0a105.89 105.89 0 0 0-26.25 8.09C2.79 32.65-1.71 56.6.54 80.21a105.73 105.73 0 0 0 32.17 16.15 77.7 77.7 0 0 0 6.89-11.11 68.42 68.42 0 0 1-10.85-5.18c.91-.66 1.8-1.34 2.66-2a75.57 75.57 0 0 0 64.32 0c.87.71 1.76 1.39 2.66 2a68.68 68.68 0 0 1-10.87 5.19 77 77 0 0 0 6.89 11.1 105.25 105.25 0 0 0 32.19-16.14c2.64-27.38-4.51-51.11-18.9-72.15ZM42.45 65.69C36.18 65.69 31 60 31 53s5-12.74 11.43-12.74S54 46 53.89 53s-5.05 12.69-11.44 12.69Zm42.24 0C78.41 65.69 73.25 60 73.25 53s5-12.74 11.44-12.74S96.23 46 96.12 53s-5.04 12.69-11.43 12.69Z"
-						></path></svg
-					>
-				</a>
-			</section>
-		</section>
-	</main>
-
-	<a href="https://astro.build/blog/astro-5/" id="news" class="box">
-		<svg width="32" height="32" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
-			><path
-				d="M24.667 12c1.333 1.414 2 3.192 2 5.334 0 4.62-4.934 5.7-7.334 12C18.444 28.567 18 27.456 18 26c0-4.642 6.667-7.053 6.667-14Zm-5.334-5.333c1.6 1.65 2.4 3.43 2.4 5.333 0 6.602-8.06 7.59-6.4 17.334C13.111 27.787 12 25.564 12 22.666c0-4.434 7.333-8 7.333-16Zm-6-5.333C15.111 3.555 16 5.556 16 7.333c0 8.333-11.333 10.962-5.333 22-3.488-.774-6-4-6-8 0-8.667 8.666-10 8.666-20Z"
-				fill="#111827"></path></svg
-		>
-		<h2>What's New in Astro 5.0?</h2>
-		<p>
-			From content layers to server islands, click to learn more about the new features and
-			improvements in Astro 5.0
-		</p>
-	</a>
-</div>
-
-<style>
-	#background {
-		position: fixed;
-		top: 0;
-		left: 0;
-		width: 100%;
-		height: 100%;
-		z-index: -1;
-		filter: blur(100px);
-	}
-
-	#container {
-		font-family: Inter, Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', 'Arial Nova', 'Nimbus Sans', Arial, sans-serif;
-		height: 100%;
-	}
-
-	main {
-		height: 100%;
-		display: flex;
-		justify-content: center;
-	}
-
-	#hero {
-		display: flex;
-		align-items: start;
-		flex-direction: column;
-		justify-content: center;
-		padding: 16px;
-	}
-
-	h1 {
-		font-size: 22px;
-		margin-top: 0.25em;
-	}
-
-	#links {
-		display: flex;
-		gap: 16px;
-	}
-
-	#links a {
-		display: flex;
-		align-items: center;
-		padding: 10px 12px;
-		color: #111827;
-		text-decoration: none;
-		transition: color 0.2s;
-	}
-
-	#links a:hover {
-		color: rgb(78, 80, 86);
-	}
-
-	#links a svg {
-		height: 1em;
-		margin-left: 8px;
-	}
-
-	#links a.button {
-		color: white;
-		background: linear-gradient(83.21deg, #3245ff 0%, #bc52ee 100%);
-		box-shadow:
-			inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12),
-			inset 0 -2px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24);
-		border-radius: 10px;
-	}
-
-	#links a.button:hover {
-		color: rgb(230, 230, 230);
-		box-shadow: none;
-	}
-
-	pre {
-		font-family:
-			ui-monospace, 'Cascadia Code', 'Source Code Pro', Menlo, Consolas, 'DejaVu Sans Mono',
-			monospace;
-		font-weight: normal;
-		background: linear-gradient(14deg, #d83333 0%, #f041ff 100%);
-		-webkit-background-clip: text;
-		-webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
-		background-clip: text;
-		margin: 0;
-	}
-
-	h2 {
-		margin: 0 0 1em;
-		font-weight: normal;
-		color: #111827;
-		font-size: 20px;
-	}
-
-	p {
-		color: #4b5563;
-		font-size: 16px;
-		line-height: 24px;
-		letter-spacing: -0.006em;
-		margin: 0;
-	}
-
-	code {
-		display: inline-block;
-		background:
-			linear-gradient(66.77deg, #f3cddd 0%, #f5cee7 100%) padding-box,
-			linear-gradient(155deg, #d83333 0%, #f041ff 18%, #f5cee7 45%) border-box;
-		border-radius: 8px;
-		border: 1px solid transparent;
-		padding: 6px 8px;
-	}
-
-	.box {
-		padding: 16px;
-		background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1);
-		border-radius: 16px;
-		border: 1px solid white;
-	}
-
-	#news {
-		position: absolute;
-		bottom: 16px;
-		right: 16px;
-		max-width: 300px;
-		text-decoration: none;
-		transition: background 0.2s;
-		backdrop-filter: blur(50px);
-	}
-
-	#news:hover {
-		background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.55);
-	}
-
-	@media screen and (max-height: 368px) {
-		#news {
-			display: none;
-		}
-	}
-
-	@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {
-		#container {
-			display: flex;
-			flex-direction: column;
-		}
-
-		#hero {
-			display: block;
-			padding-top: 10%;
-		}
-
-		#links {
-			flex-wrap: wrap;
-		}
-
-		#links a.button {
-			padding: 14px 18px;
-		}
-
-		#news {
-			right: 16px;
-			left: 16px;
-			bottom: 2.5rem;
-			max-width: 100%;
-		}
-
-		h1 {
-			line-height: 1.5;
-		}
-	}
-</style>

src/src/components/simulators/HexSimulator.astro

@@ -1,104 +0,0 @@
----
-import "./hex/hex-simulator.css";
----
-
-<section class="hex-sim" data-hex-sim>
-  <div class="hex-main">
-    <div class="hex-readout">
-      <div class="hex-label">DENARY</div>
-      <div class="hex-number" data-out="denary">0</div>
-
-      <div class="hex-label hex-mt">HEXADECIMAL</div>
-      <div class="hex-number hex-number--small" data-out="hex">00</div>
-
-      <div class="hex-label hex-mt">BINARY</div>
-      <div class="hex-number hex-number--tiny" data-out="bin">0000 0000</div>
-    </div>
-
-    <div class="hex-divider"></div>
-
-    <div class="hex-digits" data-out="digitsRow"></div>
-  </div>
-
-  <!-- Toolbox button -->
-  <button class="hex-toolbox-btn" type="button" data-action="toggleToolbox" aria-controls="hex-toolbox" aria-expanded="true">
-    <span class="hex-toolbox-icon" aria-hidden="true">
-      <!-- toolbox icon -->
-      <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="18" height="18" fill="none">
-        <path d="M9 7V6a3 3 0 0 1 6 0v1" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round"/>
-        <path d="M4 9h16l-1.3 10.4A2 2 0 0 1 16.7 21H7.3a2 2 0 0 1-1.98-1.6L4 9Z" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linejoin="round"/>
-        <path d="M10 13h4" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round"/>
-      </svg>
-    </span>
-    TOOLBOX
-  </button>
-
-  <!-- Toolbox panel -->
-  <aside class="hex-toolbox is-open" id="hex-toolbox" data-out="toolbox">
-    <div class="hex-panel">
-      <div class="hex-panel-title">SETTINGS</div>
-
-      <div class="hex-setting-title">HEX DIGIT WIDTH</div>
-
-      <div class="hex-width">
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--square" type="button" data-action="digitsMinus">−</button>
-
-        <div class="hex-width-readout">
-          <div class="hex-width-label">DIGITS</div>
-          <div class="hex-width-number" data-out="digitsCount">2</div>
-        </div>
-
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--square" type="button" data-action="digitsPlus">+</button>
-      </div>
-
-      <div class="hex-hint" data-out="bitsHint">= 8 bits</div>
-    </div>
-
-    <div class="hex-panel">
-      <div class="hex-panel-title">CUSTOM NUMBER</div>
-
-      <div class="hex-grid-2">
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--green" type="button" data-action="customHex">Custom Hexadecimal</button>
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--green" type="button" data-action="customDenary">Custom Denary</button>
-      </div>
-
-      <!-- Custom Binary + Random on SAME row, same size -->
-      <div class="hex-grid-2 hex-mt-sm">
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--green" type="button" data-action="customBinary">Custom Binary</button>
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--wide hex-btn--random" type="button" data-action="random" data-random>Random</button>
-      </div>
-
-      <div class="hex-tiny-note">RANDOM RUNS BRIEFLY THEN STOPS AUTOMATICALLY.</div>
-    </div>
-
-    <div class="hex-panel">
-      <div class="hex-panel-title">TOOLS</div>
-
-      <div class="hex-tools-top">
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--square hex-btn--red" type="button" data-action="decrement" title="Decrement">▼</button>
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--square hex-btn--green2" type="button" data-action="increment" title="Increment">▲</button>
-      </div>
-
-      <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--wide hex-btn--reset" type="button" data-action="reset">Reset</button>
-    </div>
-  </aside>
-
-  <!-- Custom number dialog -->
-  <dialog class="hex-dialog" data-out="dialog">
-    <div class="hex-dialog-card">
-      <div class="hex-dialog-title" data-out="dialogTitle">Custom</div>
-
-      <input class="hex-dialog-input hex-font-mono" data-out="dialogInput" />
-
-      <div class="hex-dialog-hint" data-out="dialogHint"></div>
-      <div class="hex-dialog-error" data-out="dialogError" aria-live="polite"></div>
-
-      <div class="hex-dialog-actions">
-        <button class="hex-btn" type="button" data-action="dialogCancel">Cancel</button>
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--green" type="button" data-action="dialogApply">Apply</button>
-      </div>
-    </div>
-  </dialog>
-
-  <script type="module" src="/src/components/simulators/hex/hex-simulator.ts"></script>
-</section>

src/src/components/simulators/hex/hex-simulator.css

@@ -1,346 +0,0 @@
-/* ================= Fonts to match Binary ================= */
-/* Adjust paths to wherever you store fonts (commonly /public/fonts/...) */
-@font-face {
-  font-family: "DSEG7Classic";
-  src: url("/fonts/DSEG7Classic-Regular.woff") format("woff"),
-       url("/fonts/DSEG7Classic-Regular.ttf") format("truetype");
-  font-weight: 400;
-  font-style: normal;
-  font-display: swap;
-}
-@font-face {
-  font-family: "SevenSegment";
-  src: url("/fonts/Seven-Segment.woff2") format("woff2"),
-       url("/fonts/Seven-Segment.woff") format("woff");
-  font-weight: 400;
-  font-style: normal;
-  font-display: swap;
-}
-
-.hex-sim {
-  min-height: 100vh;
-  background: #14151c;
-  color: #e7e8ee;
-  padding: 28px;
-}
-
-.hex-font-number { font-family: "DSEG7Classic", ui-monospace, monospace; }
-.hex-font-mono   { font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-monospace, monospace; }
-
-.hex-main { max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; width: 100%; padding-top: 40px; }
-
-.hex-readout { text-align: center; }
-.hex-label {
-  font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui;
-  font-size: 12px;
-  letter-spacing: 2px;
-  opacity: 0.7;
-}
-.hex-mt { margin-top: 12px; }
-
-.hex-number {
-  font-family: "DSEG7Classic", ui-monospace, monospace;
-  font-size: 76px;
-  line-height: 1;
-  font-weight: 400;
-  color: #46ff8a;
-  text-shadow: 0 0 18px rgba(70,255,138,0.18);
-}
-.hex-number--small { font-size: 64px; }
-.hex-number--tiny  { font-size: 54px; letter-spacing: 6px; }
-
-.hex-divider {
-  margin: 26px auto 18px;
-  height: 1px;
-  width: min(760px, 90%);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.10);
-}
-
-/* ================= Main digit columns ================= */
-.hex-digits {
-  margin-top: 18px;
-  display: flex;
-  justify-content: center;
-  gap: 18px;
-  flex-wrap: wrap;
-}
-
-.hex-digit-col {
-  width: 160px;
-  border-radius: 18px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.03);
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.10);
-  padding: 12px;
-  display: grid;
-  gap: 10px;
-  justify-items: center;
-}
-
-.hex-digit-controls {
-  width: 100%;
-  display: flex;
-  justify-content: center;
-  gap: 10px;
-}
-
-.hex-digit-char {
-  font-size: 64px;
-  line-height: 1;
-  color: #46ff8a;
-  text-shadow: 0 0 18px rgba(70,255,138,0.18);
-}
-
-.hex-digit-place {
-  font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-monospace, monospace;
-  opacity: 0.65;
-  font-size: 14px;
-  letter-spacing: 1px;
-}
-
-/* ================= Bulbs (brightness changes) ================= */
-.hex-bulbs {
-  width: 100%;
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
-  gap: 10px;
-  align-items: end;
-}
-
-.hex-bulb {
-  display: grid;
-  justify-items: center;
-  gap: 6px;
-  opacity: 0.35;
-  filter: grayscale(30%);
-  transition: opacity 160ms ease, filter 160ms ease;
-}
-
-.hex-bulb .hex-bulb-cap {
-  width: 18px;
-  height: 18px;
-  border-radius: 999px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.22);
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
-}
-
-.hex-bulb .hex-bulb-glow {
-  width: 18px;
-  height: 10px;
-  border-radius: 999px;
-  background: rgba(70,255,138,0.0);
-  box-shadow: 0 0 0 rgba(70,255,138,0.0);
-  transition: background 160ms ease, box-shadow 160ms ease;
-}
-
-.hex-bulb .hex-bulb-label {
-  font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-monospace, monospace;
-  font-size: 12px;
-  opacity: 0.8;
-}
-
-.hex-bulb.is-on {
-  opacity: 1;
-  filter: none;
-}
-.hex-bulb.is-on .hex-bulb-cap {
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.35);
-}
-.hex-bulb.is-on .hex-bulb-glow {
-  background: rgba(70,255,138,0.25);
-  box-shadow: 0 0 18px rgba(70,255,138,0.35);
-}
-
-/* ================= Buttons (toolbox style reused everywhere) ================= */
-.hex-btn {
-  padding: 10px 12px;
-  border-radius: 14px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
-  color: #e7e8ee;
-  font-weight: 800;
-  cursor: pointer;
-  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, sans-serif;
-}
-.hex-btn:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,0.10); }
-
-.hex-btn--square {
-  width: 48px;
-  height: 48px;
-  padding: 0;
-  display: grid;
-  place-items: center;
-  font-size: 18px;
-}
-
-.hex-btn--wide { width: 100%; }
-
-.hex-btn--green {
-  background: rgba(46, 200, 120, 0.18);
-  border-color: rgba(46,200,120,0.35);
-}
-.hex-btn--green:hover { background: rgba(46, 200, 120, 0.26); }
-
-.hex-btn--green2 {
-  background: rgba(46, 200, 120, 0.18);
-  border-color: rgba(46,200,120,0.35);
-}
-
-.hex-btn--red {
-  background: rgba(220, 60, 70, 0.18);
-  border-color: rgba(220,60,70,0.35);
-}
-
-/* Random = green pulse while running */
-.hex-btn--random.is-running {
-  border-color: rgba(80, 255, 160, 0.55);
-  background: rgba(46, 200, 120, 0.22);
-  box-shadow: 0 0 18px rgba(80, 255, 160, 0.35);
-  animation: hexPulseGreen 900ms ease-in-out infinite;
-}
-@keyframes hexPulseGreen {
-  0%, 100% { box-shadow: 0 0 14px rgba(80, 255, 160, 0.25); }
-  50% { box-shadow: 0 0 26px rgba(80, 255, 160, 0.45); }
-}
-
-/* Reset = red background + pulse on hover */
-.hex-btn--reset:hover {
-  background: rgba(220, 60, 70, 0.28);
-  border-color: rgba(255, 80, 90, 0.55);
-  animation: hexPulseRed 900ms ease-in-out infinite;
-}
-@keyframes hexPulseRed {
-  0%, 100% { box-shadow: 0 0 12px rgba(255, 80, 90, 0.20); }
-  50% { box-shadow: 0 0 22px rgba(255, 80, 90, 0.38); }
-}
-
-/* ================= Toolbox button + panel (slide) ================= */
-.hex-toolbox-btn {
-  position: fixed;
-  top: 88px;
-  right: 28px;
-  z-index: 30;
-  display: inline-flex;
-  align-items: center;
-  gap: 10px;
-  padding: 12px 16px;
-  border-radius: 14px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.06);
-  color: #e7e8ee;
-  font-weight: 800;
-  letter-spacing: 1px;
-  cursor: pointer;
-}
-
-.hex-toolbox-icon {
-  display: inline-flex;
-  align-items: center;
-  justify-content: center;
-  width: 18px;
-  height: 18px;
-  color: #ff4fa6;
-  filter: drop-shadow(0 0 10px rgba(255,79,166,0.35));
-}
-
-.hex-toolbox {
-  position: fixed;
-  top: 140px;
-  right: 28px;
-  width: 340px;
-  display: grid;
-  gap: 14px;
-  z-index: 25;
-
-  transform: translateX(0);
-  opacity: 1;
-  transition: transform 220ms ease, opacity 220ms ease;
-}
-.hex-toolbox:not(.is-open) {
-  transform: translateX(380px);
-  opacity: 0;
-  pointer-events: none;
-}
-
-.hex-panel {
-  border-radius: 16px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,0.04);
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.10);
-  padding: 14px;
-}
-.hex-panel-title {
-  font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui;
-  font-size: 12px;
-  letter-spacing: 2px;
-  opacity: 0.7;
-  margin-bottom: 10px;
-}
-
-.hex-setting-title { font-weight: 900; opacity: 0.9; margin-bottom: 10px; }
-
-.hex-width {
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: 48px 1fr 48px;
-  gap: 10px;
-  align-items: center;
-}
-.hex-width-readout {
-  border-radius: 14px;
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.22);
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.10);
-  padding: 10px 12px;
-  display: flex;
-  justify-content: space-between;
-  align-items: baseline;
-}
-.hex-width-label {
-  font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui;
-  opacity: 0.7;
-  font-weight: 800;
-  letter-spacing: 1px;
-  font-size: 12px;
-}
-.hex-width-number { font-size: 30px; font-weight: 900; color: #46ff8a; }
-
-.hex-hint { margin-top: 8px; opacity: 0.65; font-size: 12px; font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui; }
-
-.hex-grid-2 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 10px; }
-.hex-mt-sm { margin-top: 10px; }
-
-.hex-tools-top { display: flex; gap: 10px; justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 10px; }
-.hex-tiny-note { margin-top: 8px; font-size: 11px; opacity: 0.6; letter-spacing: 1px; font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui; }
-
-/* ================= Dialog ================= */
-.hex-dialog { border: none; padding: 0; background: transparent; }
-.hex-dialog::backdrop { background: rgba(0,0,0,0.55); }
-
-.hex-dialog-card {
-  width: min(560px, 92vw);
-  border-radius: 18px;
-  background: #1a1b24;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.12);
-  padding: 16px;
-  color: #e7e8ee;
-}
-
-.hex-dialog-title { font-weight: 900; letter-spacing: 1px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui; }
-
-.hex-dialog-input {
-  width: 100%;
-  padding: 12px 12px;
-  border-radius: 14px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.14);
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,0.25);
-  color: #e7e8ee;
-  font-size: 18px;
-}
-
-.hex-dialog-hint { margin-top: 10px; opacity: 0.7; font-size: 13px; font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui; }
-.hex-dialog-error { margin-top: 8px; font-size: 13px; color: #ff6b6b; min-height: 18px; font-family: "SevenSegment", ui-sans-serif, system-ui; }
-.hex-dialog-actions { margin-top: 14px; display: flex; gap: 10px; justify-content: flex-end; }
-
-@media (max-width: 900px) {
-  .hex-toolbox { width: min(360px, 92vw); right: 16px; }
-  .hex-toolbox-btn { right: 16px; }
-  .hex-number { font-size: 60px; }
-  .hex-number--tiny { font-size: 40px; letter-spacing: 4px; }
-}

src/src/components/simulators/hex/hex-simulator.ts

@@ -1,232 +0,0 @@
-type DialogMode = "hex" | "den" | "bin";
-
-const root = document.querySelector<HTMLElement>("[data-hex-sim]");
-if (!root) throw new Error("Hex simulator root not found");
-
-const outDen = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="denary"]')!;
-const outHex = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="hex"]')!;
-const outBin = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="bin"]')!;
-const outDigitsRow = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="digitsRow"]')!;
-
-const toolbox = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="toolbox"]')!;
-const toolboxBtn = root.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>('[data-action="toggleToolbox"]')!;
-const digitsCount = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="digitsCount"]')!;
-const bitsHint = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="bitsHint"]')!;
-const randomBtn = root.querySelector<HTMLButtonElement>("[data-random]")!;
-
-const dialog = root.querySelector<HTMLDialogElement>('[data-out="dialog"]')!;
-const dialogTitle = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="dialogTitle"]')!;
-const dialogInput = root.querySelector<HTMLInputElement>('[data-out="dialogInput"]')!;
-const dialogHint = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="dialogHint"]')!;
-const dialogError = root.querySelector<HTMLElement>('[data-out="dialogError"]')!;
-
-let digits = 2;        // 1..8
-let value = 0;         // unsigned denary
-let randomTimer: number | null = null;
-let dialogMode: DialogMode | null = null;
-
-const clamp = (n: number, min: number, max: number) => Math.min(max, Math.max(min, n));
-const maxForDigits = (d: number) => (16 ** d) - 1;
-
-const padHex = (n: number, d: number) => n.toString(16).toUpperCase().padStart(d, "0");
-const padBin = (n: number, b: number) => n.toString(2).padStart(b, "0");
-const groupBin = (b: string) => b.replace(/(.{4})/g, "$1 ").trim();
-
-function stopRandom(): void {
-  if (randomTimer !== null) window.clearInterval(randomTimer);
-  randomTimer = null;
-  randomBtn.classList.remove("is-running");
-}
-
-function startRandom(): void {
-  stopRandom();
-  const max = maxForDigits(digits);
-  const start = Date.now();
-
-  randomBtn.classList.add("is-running");
-
-  randomTimer = window.setInterval(() => {
-    value = Math.floor(Math.random() * (max + 1));
-    render();
-    if (Date.now() - start > 1600) stopRandom();
-  }, 90);
-}
-
-function render(): void {
-  const bits = digits * 4;
-
-  digitsCount.textContent = String(digits);
-  bitsHint.textContent = `= ${bits} bits`;
-
-  outDen.textContent = String(value);
-  outHex.textContent = padHex(value, digits);
-  outBin.textContent = groupBin(padBin(value, bits));
-
-  renderDigitsRow();
-}
-
-function renderDigitsRow(): void {
-  const hex = padHex(value, digits);
-  outDigitsRow.innerHTML = "";
-
-  for (let i = 0; i < digits; i++) {
-    const pow = digits - 1 - i;
-    const placeValue = 16 ** pow;
-
-    const digitChar = hex[i];
-    const digitVal = parseInt(digitChar, 16);
-    const nibbleBits = [(digitVal >> 3) & 1, (digitVal >> 2) & 1, (digitVal >> 1) & 1, digitVal & 1]; // 8 4 2 1
-
-    const col = document.createElement("div");
-    col.className = "hex-digit-col";
-    col.innerHTML = `
-      <div class="hex-digit-controls">
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--square hex-btn--green2" type="button" data-action="digitUp" data-i="${i}" title="Increase">▲</button>
-        <button class="hex-btn hex-btn--square hex-btn--red" type="button" data-action="digitDown" data-i="${i}" title="Decrease">▼</button>
-      </div>
-
-      <div class="hex-digit-char hex-font-number">${digitChar}</div>
-
-      <!-- bulbs: brightness changes based on nibble bits -->
-      <div class="hex-bulbs" aria-label="Nibble bits">
-        ${[8,4,2,1].map((w, idx) => {
-          const on = nibbleBits[idx] === 1;
-          return `
-            <div class="hex-bulb ${on ? "is-on" : ""}">
-              <div class="hex-bulb-cap"></div>
-              <div class="hex-bulb-glow"></div>
-              <div class="hex-bulb-label">${w}</div>
-            </div>
-          `;
-        }).join("")}
-      </div>
-
-      <div class="hex-digit-place">${placeValue}</div>
-    `;
-    outDigitsRow.appendChild(col);
-  }
-}
-
-function openDialog(mode: DialogMode): void {
-  stopRandom();
-  dialogMode = mode;
-
-  dialogError.textContent = "";
-  dialogInput.value = "";
-
-  if (mode === "hex") {
-    dialogTitle.textContent = "Custom Hexadecimal";
-    dialogHint.textContent = `Enter 1–${digits} hex digit(s) (0–9, A–F).`;
-    dialogInput.placeholder = "A1";
-    dialogInput.inputMode = "text";
-  } else if (mode === "den") {
-    dialogTitle.textContent = "Custom Denary";
-    dialogHint.textContent = `Enter a whole number from 0 to ${maxForDigits(digits)}.`;
-    dialogInput.placeholder = "42";
-    dialogInput.inputMode = "numeric";
-  } else {
-    dialogTitle.textContent = "Custom Binary";
-    dialogHint.textContent = `Enter up to ${digits * 4} bit(s) using 0 and 1.`;
-    dialogInput.placeholder = "00101010";
-    dialogInput.inputMode = "text";
-  }
-
-  dialog.showModal();
-  window.setTimeout(() => dialogInput.focus(), 0);
-}
-
-function closeDialog(): void {
-  dialogMode = null;
-  dialogError.textContent = "";
-  if (dialog.open) dialog.close();
-}
-
-function applyDialog(): void {
-  const raw = (dialogInput.value || "").trim();
-  if (!dialogMode) return closeDialog();
-  if (raw.length === 0) return closeDialog();
-
-  const max = maxForDigits(digits);
-  const bits = digits * 4;
-
-  if (dialogMode === "hex") {
-    const v = raw.toUpperCase();
-    if (!/^[0-9A-F]+$/.test(v)) { dialogError.textContent = "Hex must use 0–9 and A–F only."; return; }
-    if (v.length > digits) { dialogError.textContent = `Max length is ${digits} hex digit(s).`; return; }
-    value = clamp(parseInt(v, 16), 0, max);
-    render();
-    return closeDialog();
-  }
-
-  if (dialogMode === "den") {
-    if (!/^\d+$/.test(raw)) { dialogError.textContent = "Denary must be whole numbers only."; return; }
-    const n = Number(raw);
-    if (!Number.isFinite(n)) { dialogError.textContent = "Invalid number."; return; }
-    value = clamp(n, 0, max);
-    render();
-    return closeDialog();
-  }
-
-  // bin
-  if (!/^[01]+$/.test(raw)) { dialogError.textContent = "Binary must use 0 and 1 only."; return; }
-  if (raw.length > bits) { dialogError.textContent = `Max length is ${bits} bit(s).`; return; }
-  value = clamp(parseInt(raw, 2), 0, max);
-  render();
-  return closeDialog();
-}
-
-function applyDigitDelta(i: number, delta: number): void {
-  stopRandom();
-  const hexArr = padHex(value, digits).split("");
-  let v = parseInt(hexArr[i], 16);
-  v = (v + delta) % 16;
-  if (v < 0) v += 16;
-  hexArr[i] = v.toString(16).toUpperCase();
-  value = clamp(parseInt(hexArr.join(""), 16), 0, maxForDigits(digits));
-  render();
-}
-
-// dialog cancel / backdrop
-dialog.addEventListener("cancel", (e) => { e.preventDefault(); closeDialog(); });
-dialog.addEventListener("click", (e) => {
-  const card = dialog.querySelector(".hex-dialog-card");
-  if (card && !card.contains(e.target as Node)) closeDialog();
-});
-dialogInput.addEventListener("keydown", (e) => {
-  if (e.key === "Enter") applyDialog();
-  if (e.key === "Escape") closeDialog();
-});
-
-// main click handler
-root.addEventListener("click", (e) => {
-  const btn = (e.target as HTMLElement).closest<HTMLElement>("[data-action]");
-  if (!btn) return;
-  const action = btn.getAttribute("data-action")!;
-
-  if (action === "toggleToolbox") {
-    toolbox.classList.toggle("is-open");
-    toolboxBtn.setAttribute("aria-expanded", toolbox.classList.contains("is-open") ? "true" : "false");
-    return;
-  }
-
-  if (action === "digitsMinus") { digits = clamp(digits - 1, 1, 8); value = clamp(value, 0, maxForDigits(digits)); return render(); }
-  if (action === "digitsPlus")  { digits = clamp(digits + 1, 1, 8); value = clamp(value, 0, maxForDigits(digits)); return render(); }
-
-  if (action === "increment") { stopRandom(); value = clamp(value + 1, 0, maxForDigits(digits)); return render(); }
-  if (action === "decrement") { stopRandom(); value = clamp(value - 1, 0, maxForDigits(digits)); return render(); }
-
-  if (action === "reset")     { stopRandom(); value = 0; return render(); }
-  if (action === "random")    { return startRandom(); }
-
-  if (action === "customHex")    return openDialog("hex");
-  if (action === "customDenary") return openDialog("den");
-  if (action === "customBinary") return openDialog("bin");
-
-  if (action === "dialogCancel") return closeDialog();
-  if (action === "dialogApply")  return applyDialog();
-
-  if (action === "digitUp")   return applyDigitDelta(Number(btn.getAttribute("data-i")), +1);
-  if (action === "digitDown") return applyDigitDelta(Number(btn.getAttribute("data-i")), -1);
-});
-
-render();

src/src/layouts/BaseLayout.astro

@@ -1,118 +0,0 @@
----
-const { title = "Computing:Box" } = Astro.props;
----
-
-<!doctype html>
-<html lang="en">
-  <head>
-    <meta charset="utf-8" />
-    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1" />
-    <title>{title}</title>
-
-    <style>
-      :root{
-        --nav-h: 108px; /* 3x-ish height */
-        --bg: #1f2027;
-        --text: #e8e8ee;
-        --muted: #a9acb8;
-        --line: rgba(255,255,255,.10);
-      }
-
-      body{
-        margin:0;
-        background:var(--bg);
-        color:var(--text);
-      }
-
-      .siteNav{
-        position: sticky;
-        top: 0;
-        z-index: 50;
-        height: var(--nav-h);
-        background: rgba(0,0,0,.10);
-        border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
-        backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
-      }
-
-      .navInner{
-        height: 100%;
-        max-width: 1400px;
-        margin: 0 auto;
-        padding: 0 20px;
-        display: flex;
-        align-items: center;
-        justify-content: space-between;
-        gap: 24px;
-      }
-
-      .brand{
-        display:flex;
-        align-items:center;
-        gap:12px;
-        text-decoration:none;
-        color:var(--text);
-      }
-
-      .brandLogo{
-        width: 2em;
-        height: 2em;
-        image-rendering: pixelated;
-      }
-
-      .brandName{
-        letter-spacing: .12em;
-        font-weight: 900;
-        text-transform: uppercase;
-        font-size: 18px;
-      }
-
-      .navLinks{
-        display:flex;
-        align-items:center;
-        gap:18px;
-        flex-wrap:wrap;
-      }
-
-      .navLinks a{
-        color: var(--muted);
-        text-decoration: none;
-        font-weight: 800;
-        letter-spacing: .12em;
-        font-size: 16px;
-        text-transform: uppercase;
-      }
-
-      .navLinks a:hover{
-        color: var(--text);
-      }
-
-      .pageWrap{
-        max-width: 1400px;
-        margin: 0 auto;
-      }
-    </style>
-  </head>
-
-  <body>
-    <header class="siteNav">
-      <div class="navInner">
-        <a class="brand" href="/">
-          <img class="brandLogo" src="/images/computing-box-logo.svg" alt="Computing:Box logo" />
-          <span class="brandName">COMPUTING:BOX</span>
-        </a>
-
-        <nav class="navLinks" aria-label="Site navigation">
-          <a href="/about">ABOUT</a>
-          <a href="/binary">BINARY</a>
-          <a href="/hexadecimal">HEXADECIMAL</a>
-          <a href="/hex-colours">HEX COLOURS</a>
-          <a href="/logic-gates">LOGIC GATES</a>
-        </nav>
-      </div>
-    </header>
-
-    <main class="pageWrap">
-      <slot />
-    </main>
-  </body>
-</html>

src/src/layouts/Layout.astro

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-<!doctype html>
-<html lang="en">
-	<head>
-		<meta charset="UTF-8" />
-		<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
-		<link rel="icon" type="image/svg+xml" href="/favicon.svg" />
-		<meta name="generator" content={Astro.generator} />
-		<title>Astro Basics</title>
-	</head>
-	<body>
-		<slot />
-	</body>
-</html>
-
-<style>
-	html,
-	body {
-		margin: 0;
-		width: 100%;
-		height: 100%;
-	}
-</style>

src/src/pages/binary.astro

@@ -1,115 +0,0 @@
----
-import BaseLayout from "../layouts/BaseLayout.astro";
-import "../styles/binary.css";
----
-
-<BaseLayout title="Binary Simulator">
-  <main class="wrap">
-    <!-- Toolbox toggle sits below navbar (navbar is in BaseLayout) -->
-    <button id="toolboxToggle" class="toolboxToggle" type="button" aria-expanded="true">
-      <span class="toolboxIcon" aria-hidden="true">🧰</span>
-      <span class="toolboxText">TOOLBOX</span>
-    </button>
-
-    <section class="topGrid">
-      <!-- LEFT -->
-      <div class="mainCol">
-        <div class="readout">
-          <div class="label">Denary</div>
-          <div id="denaryNumber" class="num denaryValue">0</div>
-
-          <div class="label">Binary</div>
-          <!-- NOTE: JS writes exact bit-width here, so initial value doesn't matter much -->
-          <div id="binaryNumber" class="num binaryValue">00000000</div>
-        </div>
-
-        <div class="divider"></div>
-
-        <section class="bitsWrap" aria-label="Bit switches">
-          <div class="bitsGrid" id="bitsGrid"></div>
-        </section>
-      </div>
-
-      <!-- RIGHT (Toolbox panel) -->
-      <aside id="toolboxPanel" class="panelCol" aria-label="Toolbox">
-        <!-- Settings -->
-        <div class="card">
-          <div class="cardTitle">Settings</div>
-
-          <div class="toggleRow">
-            <div class="toggleLabel" id="lblUnsigned">Unsigned</div>
-
-            <label class="switch" aria-label="Toggle mode">
-              <input id="modeToggle" type="checkbox" />
-              <span class="slider"></span>
-            </label>
-
-            <!-- keep this on ONE line -->
-            <div class="toggleLabel" id="lblTwos">Two&apos;s&nbsp;complement</div>
-          </div>
-
-          <div class="hint" id="modeHint">
-            Tip: In unsigned binary, all bits represent positive values.
-          </div>
-
-          <div class="subCard">
-            <div class="subTitle">Bit width</div>
-
-            <div class="bitWidthRow">
-              <button class="miniBtn" id="btnBitsDown" type="button" aria-label="Decrease bits">−</button>
-
-              <div class="bitInputWrap">
-                <div class="bitInputLabel">Bits</div>
-                <input
-                  id="bitsInput"
-                  class="bitInput"
-                  type="number"
-                  inputmode="numeric"
-                  min="1"
-                  max="64"
-                  step="1"
-                  value="8"
-                  aria-label="Number of bits"
-                />
-              </div>
-
-              <button class="miniBtn" id="btnBitsUp" type="button" aria-label="Increase bits">+</button>
-            </div>
-          </div>
-        </div>
-
-        <!-- Custom Number -->
-        <div class="card">
-          <div class="cardTitle">Custom Number</div>
-
-          <div class="controlsRow">
-            <button class="btn btnAccent btnHalf" id="btnCustomBinary" type="button">Custom Binary</button>
-            <button class="btn btnAccent btnHalf" id="btnCustomDenary" type="button">Custom Denary</button>
-          </div>
-
-          <button class="btn btnWide" id="btnRandom" type="button">Random</button>
-          <div class="hint">Random runs briefly then stops automatically.</div>
-        </div>
-
-        <!-- Tools -->
-        <div class="card">
-          <div class="cardTitle">Tools</div>
-
-          <div class="toolRowCentered">
-            <button class="toolBtn toolSpin toolDec" id="btnDec" type="button" aria-label="Decrement">▼</button>
-            <button class="toolBtn toolSpin toolInc" id="btnInc" type="button" aria-label="Increment">▲</button>
-          </div>
-
-          <div class="toolRow2">
-            <button class="btn btnHalf" id="btnShiftLeft" type="button">Left Shift</button>
-            <button class="btn btnHalf" id="btnShiftRight" type="button">Right Shift</button>
-          </div>
-
-          <button class="btn btnReset btnWide" id="btnClear" type="button">Reset</button>
-        </div>
-      </aside>
-    </section>
-  </main>
-
-  <script type="module" src="/src/scripts/binary.js"></script>
-</BaseLayout>

src/src/pages/hexadecimal.astro

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
----
-import BaseLayout from "../layouts/BaseLayout.astro";
-import HexSimulator from "../components/simulators/HexSimulator.astro";
----
-
-<BaseLayout title="Hexadecimal | Computing:Box">
-  <HexSimulator />
-</BaseLayout>

src/src/pages/index.astro

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
----
-import Welcome from '../components/Welcome.astro';
-import Layout from '../layouts/Layout.astro';
-
-// Welcome to Astro! Wondering what to do next? Check out the Astro documentation at https://docs.astro.build
-// Don't want to use any of this? Delete everything in this file, the `assets`, `components`, and `layouts` directories, and start fresh.
----
-
-<Layout>
-	<Welcome />
-</Layout>

src/src/scripts/binary.js

@@ -1,522 +0,0 @@
-// src/scripts/binary.js
-// Computing:Box — Binary page logic (Unsigned + Two's Complement)
-
-(() => {
-  /* -----------------------------
-     DOM
-  ----------------------------- */
-  const bitsGrid = document.getElementById("bitsGrid");
-  const denaryEl = document.getElementById("denaryNumber");
-  const binaryEl = document.getElementById("binaryNumber");
-  const bitsInput = document.getElementById("bitsInput");
-
-  const modeToggle = document.getElementById("modeToggle");
-  const modeHint = document.getElementById("modeHint");
-
-  const btnCustomBinary = document.getElementById("btnCustomBinary");
-  const btnCustomDenary = document.getElementById("btnCustomDenary");
-  const btnShiftLeft = document.getElementById("btnShiftLeft");
-  const btnShiftRight = document.getElementById("btnShiftRight");
-
-  const btnDec = document.getElementById("btnDec");
-  const btnInc = document.getElementById("btnInc");
-  const btnClear = document.getElementById("btnClear");
-  const btnRandom = document.getElementById("btnRandom");
-
-  const btnBitsUp = document.getElementById("btnBitsUp");
-  const btnBitsDown = document.getElementById("btnBitsDown");
-
-  const toolboxToggle = document.getElementById("toolboxToggle");
-  const toolboxPanel = document.getElementById("toolboxPanel");
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     STATE
-  ----------------------------- */
-  let bitCount = clampInt(Number(bitsInput?.value ?? 8), 1, 64);
-  let bits = new Array(bitCount).fill(false);
-  let randomTimer = null;
-
-  // For responsive wrapping of the top binary display
-  let nibblesPerLine = null;
-  let wrapMeasureSpan = null;
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     HELPERS
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function clampInt(n, min, max) {
-    if (!Number.isFinite(n)) return min;
-    return Math.max(min, Math.min(max, Math.trunc(n)));
-  }
-
-  function isTwosMode() {
-    return !!modeToggle?.checked;
-  }
-
-  function pow2Big(n) {
-    return 1n << BigInt(n);
-  }
-
-  function unsignedMaxExclusive(nBits) {
-    return pow2Big(nBits);
-  }
-
-  function unsignedMaxValue(nBits) {
-    return pow2Big(nBits) - 1n;
-  }
-
-  function twosMin(nBits) {
-    return -pow2Big(nBits - 1);
-  }
-
-  function twosMax(nBits) {
-    return pow2Big(nBits - 1) - 1n;
-  }
-
-  function bitsToUnsignedBigInt() {
-    let v = 0n;
-    for (let i = 0; i < bitCount; i++) {
-      if (bits[i]) v += pow2Big(i);
-    }
-    return v;
-  }
-
-  function unsignedBigIntToBits(vUnsigned) {
-    const span = unsignedMaxExclusive(bitCount);
-    const v = ((vUnsigned % span) + span) % span;
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < bitCount; i++) {
-      bits[i] = ((v >> BigInt(i)) & 1n) === 1n;
-    }
-  }
-
-  function bitsToSignedBigIntTwos() {
-    const u = bitsToUnsignedBigInt();
-    const signBit = bits[bitCount - 1] === true;
-    if (!signBit) return u;
-    return u - pow2Big(bitCount);
-  }
-
-  function signedBigIntToBitsTwos(vSigned) {
-    const span = pow2Big(bitCount);
-    let v = ((vSigned % span) + span) % span;
-    unsignedBigIntToBits(v);
-  }
-
-  function updateModeHint() {
-    if (!modeHint) return;
-    modeHint.textContent = isTwosMode()
-      ? "Tip: In two’s complement, the left-most bit (MSB) represents a negative value."
-      : "Tip: In unsigned binary, all bits represent positive values.";
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     TOP BINARY DISPLAY: responsive wrap by nibble count
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function ensureWrapMeasurer() {
-    if (wrapMeasureSpan || !binaryEl) return;
-    wrapMeasureSpan = document.createElement("span");
-    wrapMeasureSpan.style.position = "absolute";
-    wrapMeasureSpan.style.visibility = "hidden";
-    wrapMeasureSpan.style.whiteSpace = "pre";
-    wrapMeasureSpan.style.pointerEvents = "none";
-    // Inherit font/letterspacing from binaryEl
-    wrapMeasureSpan.style.font = getComputedStyle(binaryEl).font;
-    wrapMeasureSpan.style.letterSpacing = getComputedStyle(binaryEl).letterSpacing;
-    document.body.appendChild(wrapMeasureSpan);
-  }
-
-  function computeNibblesPerLine() {
-    if (!binaryEl) return null;
-    ensureWrapMeasurer();
-
-    // Available width = width of the readout area (binaryEl parent)
-    const host = binaryEl.parentElement;
-    if (!host) return null;
-
-    const hostW = host.getBoundingClientRect().width;
-    if (!Number.isFinite(hostW) || hostW <= 0) return null;
-
-    // Measure one nibble including trailing space ("0000 ")
-    wrapMeasureSpan.textContent = "0000 ";
-    const nibbleW = wrapMeasureSpan.getBoundingClientRect().width || 1;
-
-    // Safety: keep at least 1 nibble per line
-    const max = Math.max(1, Math.floor(hostW / nibbleW));
-    return max;
-  }
-
-  function formatBinaryWrapped() {
-    // EXACT bitCount digits (no padding to 4)
-    let raw = "";
-    for (let i = bitCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) raw += bits[i] ? "1" : "0";
-
-    // If <= 4 bits, do NOT insert spaces/newlines at all
-    if (bitCount <= 4) return raw;
-
-    const groups = [];
-    for (let i = 0; i < raw.length; i += 4) {
-      groups.push(raw.slice(i, i + 4));
-    }
-
-    const perLine = nibblesPerLine ?? groups.length;
-    if (perLine >= groups.length) return groups.join(" ");
-
-    const lines = [];
-    for (let i = 0; i < groups.length; i += perLine) {
-      lines.push(groups.slice(i, i + perLine).join(" "));
-    }
-    return lines.join("\n");
-  }
-
-  function refreshBinaryWrap() {
-    const next = computeNibblesPerLine();
-    // Only update if it actually changes (prevents jitter)
-    if (next !== nibblesPerLine) nibblesPerLine = next;
-    updateReadout(); // re-render with new wrap
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     BUILD UI (BITS)
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function buildBits(count) {
-    bitCount = clampInt(count, 1, 64);
-    if (bitsInput) bitsInput.value = String(bitCount);
-
-    const oldBits = bits.slice();
-    bits = new Array(bitCount).fill(false);
-    for (let i = 0; i < Math.min(oldBits.length, bitCount); i++) bits[i] = oldBits[i];
-
-    bitsGrid.innerHTML = "";
-
-    bitsGrid.classList.toggle("bitsFew", bitCount < 8);
-    if (bitCount < 8) {
-      bitsGrid.style.setProperty("--cols", String(bitCount));
-    } else {
-      bitsGrid.style.removeProperty("--cols");
-    }
-
-    for (let i = bitCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-      const bitEl = document.createElement("div");
-      bitEl.className = "bit";
-
-      bitEl.innerHTML = `
-        <div class="bulb" id="bulb-${i}" aria-hidden="true">💡</div>
-        <div class="bitVal" id="bitLabel-${i}"></div>
-        <label class="switch" aria-label="Toggle bit ${i}">
-          <input type="checkbox" data-index="${i}">
-          <span class="slider"></span>
-        </label>
-      `;
-
-      bitsGrid.appendChild(bitEl);
-    }
-
-    bitsGrid.querySelectorAll('input[type="checkbox"]').forEach((input) => {
-      input.addEventListener("change", () => {
-        const i = Number(input.dataset.index);
-        bits[i] = input.checked;
-        updateUI();
-      });
-    });
-
-    // bulb styling + 25% bigger (vs 26px previously)
-    for (let i = 0; i < bitCount; i++) {
-      const bulb = document.getElementById(`bulb-${i}`);
-      if (!bulb) continue;
-      bulb.style.width = "auto";
-      bulb.style.height = "auto";
-      bulb.style.border = "none";
-      bulb.style.background = "transparent";
-      bulb.style.borderRadius = "0";
-      bulb.style.boxShadow = "none";
-      bulb.style.opacity = "0.45";
-      bulb.style.fontSize = "32px";
-      bulb.style.lineHeight = "1";
-      bulb.style.display = "flex";
-      bulb.style.alignItems = "center";
-      bulb.style.justifyContent = "center";
-      bulb.style.filter = "grayscale(1)";
-      bulb.textContent = "💡";
-    }
-
-    // wrapping may change when bit width changes
-    refreshBinaryWrap();
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     UI UPDATE
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function updateBitLabels() {
-    for (let i = 0; i < bitCount; i++) {
-      const label = document.getElementById(`bitLabel-${i}`);
-      if (!label) continue;
-
-      if (isTwosMode() && i === bitCount - 1) {
-        // Keep on one line (CSS: white-space:nowrap)
-        label.textContent = `-${pow2Big(bitCount - 1).toString()}`;
-      } else {
-        label.textContent = pow2Big(i).toString();
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  function syncSwitchesToBits() {
-    bitsGrid.querySelectorAll('input[type="checkbox"]').forEach((input) => {
-      const i = Number(input.dataset.index);
-      input.checked = !!bits[i];
-    });
-  }
-
-  function updateBulbs() {
-    for (let i = 0; i < bitCount; i++) {
-      const bulb = document.getElementById(`bulb-${i}`);
-      if (!bulb) continue;
-
-      const on = bits[i] === true;
-      if (on) {
-        bulb.style.opacity = "1";
-        bulb.style.filter = "grayscale(0)";
-        bulb.style.textShadow = "0 0 18px rgba(255,216,107,.75), 0 0 30px rgba(255,216,107,.45)";
-      } else {
-        bulb.style.opacity = "0.45";
-        bulb.style.filter = "grayscale(1)";
-        bulb.style.textShadow = "none";
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  function updateReadout() {
-    if (!denaryEl || !binaryEl) return;
-
-    denaryEl.textContent = (isTwosMode() ? bitsToSignedBigIntTwos() : bitsToUnsignedBigInt()).toString();
-    binaryEl.textContent = formatBinaryWrapped();
-  }
-
-  function updateUI() {
-    updateModeHint();
-    updateBitLabels();
-    syncSwitchesToBits();
-    updateBulbs();
-    updateReadout();
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     SET FROM INPUT
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function setFromBinaryString(binStr) {
-    const clean = String(binStr ?? "").replace(/\s+/g, "");
-    if (!/^[01]+$/.test(clean)) return false;
-
-    const padded = clean.slice(-bitCount).padStart(bitCount, "0");
-    for (let i = 0; i < bitCount; i++) {
-      const charFromRight = padded[padded.length - 1 - i];
-      bits[i] = charFromRight === "1";
-    }
-
-    updateUI();
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  function setFromDenaryInput(vStr) {
-    const raw = String(vStr ?? "").trim();
-    if (!raw) return false;
-
-    let v;
-    try {
-      if (!/^-?\d+$/.test(raw)) return false;
-      v = BigInt(raw);
-    } catch {
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    if (isTwosMode()) {
-      const min = twosMin(bitCount);
-      const max = twosMax(bitCount);
-      if (v < min || v > max) return false;
-      signedBigIntToBitsTwos(v);
-    } else {
-      if (v < 0n) return false;
-      if (v > unsignedMaxValue(bitCount)) return false;
-      unsignedBigIntToBits(v);
-    }
-
-    updateUI();
-    return true;
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     SHIFTS
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function shiftLeft() {
-    for (let i = bitCount - 1; i >= 1; i--) bits[i] = bits[i - 1];
-    bits[0] = false;
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  function shiftRight() {
-    if (isTwosMode()) {
-      // arithmetic right shift: keep MSB
-      const msb = bits[bitCount - 1];
-      for (let i = 0; i < bitCount - 1; i++) bits[i] = bits[i + 1];
-      bits[bitCount - 1] = msb;
-    } else {
-      for (let i = 0; i < bitCount - 1; i++) bits[i] = bits[i + 1];
-      bits[bitCount - 1] = false;
-    }
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     CLEAR / INC / DEC
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function clearAll() {
-    bits.fill(false);
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  function increment() {
-    if (isTwosMode()) {
-      const min = twosMin(bitCount);
-      const max = twosMax(bitCount);
-      let v = bitsToSignedBigIntTwos() + 1n;
-      if (v > max) v = min;
-      signedBigIntToBitsTwos(v);
-    } else {
-      const span = unsignedMaxExclusive(bitCount);
-      unsignedBigIntToBits((bitsToUnsignedBigInt() + 1n) % span);
-    }
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  function decrement() {
-    if (isTwosMode()) {
-      const min = twosMin(bitCount);
-      const max = twosMax(bitCount);
-      let v = bitsToSignedBigIntTwos() - 1n;
-      if (v < min) v = max;
-      signedBigIntToBitsTwos(v);
-    } else {
-      const span = unsignedMaxExclusive(bitCount);
-      unsignedBigIntToBits((bitsToUnsignedBigInt() - 1n + span) % span);
-    }
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     RANDOM
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function cryptoRandomBigInt(maxExclusive) {
-    if (maxExclusive <= 0n) return 0n;
-    const bitLen = maxExclusive.toString(2).length;
-    const byteLen = Math.ceil(bitLen / 8);
-
-    while (true) {
-      const bytes = new Uint8Array(byteLen);
-      crypto.getRandomValues(bytes);
-
-      let x = 0n;
-      for (const b of bytes) x = (x << 8n) | BigInt(b);
-
-      const extraBits = BigInt(byteLen * 8 - bitLen);
-      if (extraBits > 0n) x = x >> extraBits;
-      if (x < maxExclusive) return x;
-    }
-  }
-
-  function setRandomOnce() {
-    const span = unsignedMaxExclusive(bitCount);
-    const u = cryptoRandomBigInt(span);
-    unsignedBigIntToBits(u);
-    updateUI();
-  }
-
-  function runRandomBriefly() {
-    if (randomTimer) {
-      clearInterval(randomTimer);
-      randomTimer = null;
-    }
-
-    const start = Date.now();
-    const durationMs = 1125; // (your “~25% longer” vs 900ms)
-    const tickMs = 80;
-
-    randomTimer = setInterval(() => {
-      setRandomOnce();
-      if (Date.now() - start >= durationMs) {
-        clearInterval(randomTimer);
-        randomTimer = null;
-      }
-    }, tickMs);
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     BIT WIDTH CONTROLS
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function setBitWidth(n) {
-    buildBits(clampInt(n, 1, 64));
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     TOOLBOX TOGGLE (simple open/close state)
-  ----------------------------- */
-  function setToolboxOpen(open) {
-    document.body.classList.toggle("toolboxClosed", !open);
-    toolboxToggle?.setAttribute("aria-expanded", open ? "true" : "false");
-    refreshBinaryWrap(); // width changes when toolbox closes/opens
-  }
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     EVENTS
-  ----------------------------- */
-  modeToggle?.addEventListener("change", () => updateUI());
-
-  btnCustomBinary?.addEventListener("click", () => {
-    const v = prompt(`Enter binary (spaces allowed). Current width: ${bitCount} bits`);
-    if (v === null) return;
-    if (!setFromBinaryString(v)) alert("Invalid binary");
-  });
-
-  btnCustomDenary?.addEventListener("click", () => {
-    const v = prompt(
-      isTwosMode()
-        ? `Enter denary (${twosMin(bitCount).toString()} to ${twosMax(bitCount).toString()}):`
-        : `Enter denary (0 to ${unsignedMaxValue(bitCount).toString()}):`
-    );
-    if (v === null) return;
-    if (!setFromDenaryInput(v)) alert("Invalid denary for current mode/bit width");
-  });
-
-  btnShiftLeft?.addEventListener("click", shiftLeft);
-  btnShiftRight?.addEventListener("click", shiftRight);
-
-  btnInc?.addEventListener("click", increment);
-  btnDec?.addEventListener("click", decrement);
-
-  btnClear?.addEventListener("click", clearAll);
-  btnRandom?.addEventListener("click", runRandomBriefly);
-
-  btnBitsUp?.addEventListener("click", () => setBitWidth(bitCount + 1));
-  btnBitsDown?.addEventListener("click", () => setBitWidth(bitCount - 1));
-
-  bitsInput?.addEventListener("change", () => setBitWidth(Number(bitsInput.value)));
-
-  toolboxToggle?.addEventListener("click", () => {
-    const isOpen = !document.body.classList.contains("toolboxClosed");
-    setToolboxOpen(!isOpen);
-  });
-
-  // Recompute wrapping live when the window size changes
-  let resizeT = null;
-  window.addEventListener("resize", () => {
-    if (resizeT) clearTimeout(resizeT);
-    resizeT = setTimeout(() => refreshBinaryWrap(), 60);
-  });
-
-  /* -----------------------------
-     INIT
-  ----------------------------- */
-  updateModeHint();
-  buildBits(bitCount);
-  setToolboxOpen(true);
-})();

src/src/styles/binary.css

@@ -1,342 +0,0 @@
-/*
-  Binary page styles (keeps the last-working simulator markup + binary.js).
-
-  Goals:
-  - Do NOT change any IDs/classes expected by src/scripts/binary.js
-  - Toolbox button toggles the ENTIRE right-hand column via body.toolboxClosed
-  - Fix toolbox button positioning (no overlap, consistent with header container)
-  - Fix spacing/consistency of cards + buttons
-  - Keep binary readout wrapping/bit-width behaviour from JS (\n in output)
-*/
-
-:root{
-  --panel-w: 360px;
-  --gap: 22px;
-}
-
-/* Page wrapper (inside BaseLayout .pageWrap) */
-.wrap{
-  max-width: 1400px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  padding: 22px 20px 48px;
-  display: flex;
-  flex-direction: column;
-  gap: 14px;
-}
-
-/* Toolbox toggle button (sits below navbar, aligned right, never overlaps) */
-.toolboxToggle{
-  align-self: flex-end;
-  position: sticky;
-  top: calc(var(--nav-h, 108px) + 14px);
-  z-index: 30;
-
-  display: inline-flex;
-  align-items: center;
-  gap: 10px;
-  height: 40px;
-  padding: 0 14px;
-  border-radius: 12px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.06);
-  color: rgba(255,255,255,.92);
-  cursor: pointer;
-}
-.toolboxToggle:hover{ background: rgba(255,255,255,.08); }
-.toolboxText{
-  letter-spacing: .12em;
-  font-weight: 900;
-}
-
-/* Main layout grid */
-.topGrid{
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: 1fr var(--panel-w);
-  gap: var(--gap);
-  align-items: start;
-}
-
-/* Hide ENTIRE toolbox column when toggled closed */
-body.toolboxClosed .topGrid{ grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
-body.toolboxClosed #toolboxPanel{ display: none; }
-
-.mainCol{ min-width: 0; }
-
-/* Readout */
-.readout{
-  text-align: center;
-  margin-top: 8px;
-}
-
-.label{
-  opacity: .8;
-  letter-spacing: .12em;
-  text-transform: uppercase;
-  font-size: 12px;
-}
-
-/* IMPORTANT: allow shrinking below 4 bits (no min-width!) */
-.num{
-  display: inline-block;
-  width: fit-content;
-  max-width: 100%;
-  white-space: pre-line; /* allows JS \n wraps */
-  letter-spacing: 2px;
-}
-
-.denaryValue{
-  font-size: 54px;
-  margin: 6px 0 10px;
-}
-
-.binaryValue{
-  font-size: 56px;
-  margin: 4px 0 18px;
-}
-
-.divider{
-  height: 1px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.10);
-  margin: 14px auto 24px;
-  max-width: 900px;
-}
-
-/* Bits area */
-.bitsWrap{ padding-top: 6px; }
-
-.bitsGrid{
-  display: grid;
-  gap: 24px;
-  justify-content: center;
-  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(110px, 1fr));
-  max-width: 1200px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-}
-
-.bitsGrid.bitsFew{ justify-content: center; }
-
-.bit{
-  display: grid;
-  justify-items: center;
-  gap: 8px;
-}
-
-.bulb{
-  font-size: 32px; /* JS also bumps this */
-  line-height: 1;
-  opacity: .45;
-}
-
-.bitVal{
-  font-size: 22px;
-  line-height: 1.05;
-  text-align: center;
-  white-space: nowrap; /* keep -128 on one line */
-}
-
-/* Switch (existing classes assumed) */
-.switch{
-  position: relative;
-  display: inline-block;
-  width: 52px;
-  height: 28px;
-}
-.switch input{ display:none; }
-.slider{
-  position:absolute;
-  inset:0;
-  border-radius:999px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.18);
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14);
-}
-.slider:before{
-  content:"";
-  position:absolute;
-  height: 22px;
-  width: 22px;
-  left: 3px;
-  top: 2.5px;
-  border-radius: 999px;
-  background: #fff;
-  transition: transform .18s ease;
-}
-.switch input:checked + .slider:before{ transform: translateX(22px); }
-
-/* Toolbox column */
-.panelCol{
-  position: sticky;
-  top: calc(var(--nav-h, 108px) + 72px); /* leaves space for sticky toolbox button */
-  align-self: start;
-  display: grid;
-  gap: 16px;
-}
-
-/* Cards */
-.card{
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
-  border-radius: 16px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.05);
-  padding: 14px;
-}
-
-.cardTitle{
-  opacity: .8;
-  letter-spacing: .14em;
-  text-transform: uppercase;
-  font-size: 12px;
-  margin-bottom: 10px;
-}
-
-.hint{
-  opacity: .7;
-  font-size: 11px;
-  margin-top: 10px;
-  line-height: 1.35;
-}
-
-/* Keep mode labels on one line */
-.toggleRow{
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
-  gap: 10px;
-  align-items: center;
-}
-
-.toggleLabel{
-  font-size: 12px;
-  font-weight: 800;
-  letter-spacing: .12em;
-  text-transform: uppercase;
-  white-space: nowrap;
-}
-
-.subCard{
-  margin-top: 12px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.10);
-  border-radius: 14px;
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,.12);
-  padding: 12px;
-}
-
-.subTitle{
-  opacity: .8;
-  letter-spacing: .14em;
-  text-transform: uppercase;
-  font-size: 11px;
-  margin-bottom: 10px;
-}
-
-.bitWidthRow{
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: 44px 1fr 44px;
-  gap: 10px;
-  align-items: center;
-}
-
-.bitInputWrap{
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
-  gap: 10px;
-  align-items: center;
-  padding: 10px 12px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.10);
-  border-radius: 12px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.04);
-}
-
-.bitInputLabel{
-  opacity: .75;
-  letter-spacing: .14em;
-  text-transform: uppercase;
-  font-size: 11px;
-  white-space: nowrap;
-}
-
-.bitInput{
-  width: 100%;
-  min-width: 0;
-  background: transparent;
-  border: none;
-  outline: none;
-  color: inherit;
-  font-size: 20px;
-  text-align: right;
-}
-
-.miniBtn{
-  height: 44px;
-  border-radius: 12px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.06);
-  color: rgba(255,255,255,.9);
-  font-size: 18px;
-  cursor: pointer;
-}
-.miniBtn:hover{ background: rgba(255,255,255,.08); }
-
-/* Buttons */
-.controlsRow{
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
-  gap: 10px;
-  margin-bottom: 10px;
-}
-
-.btn{
-  border-radius: 12px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.06);
-  color: rgba(255,255,255,.92);
-  padding: 12px 12px;
-  font-weight: 800;
-  letter-spacing: .10em;
-  text-transform: uppercase;
-  cursor: pointer;
-}
-.btn:hover{ background: rgba(255,255,255,.08); }
-
-.btnWide{ width: 100%; }
-
-.btnAccent{
-  background: rgba(0,255,140,.12);
-  border-color: rgba(0,255,140,.22);
-}
-.btnAccent:hover{ background: rgba(0,255,140,.16); }
-
-.toolRowCentered{
-  display: flex;
-  justify-content: center;
-  gap: 12px;
-  margin: 10px 0 12px;
-}
-
-.toolBtn{
-  width: 56px;
-  height: 56px;
-  border-radius: 14px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.06);
-  color: rgba(255,255,255,.92);
-  font-size: 18px;
-  cursor: pointer;
-}
-
-.toolDec{ background: rgba(255,0,0,.14); border-color: rgba(255,0,0,.20); }
-.toolInc{ background: rgba(0,255,140,.14); border-color: rgba(0,255,140,.20); }
-
-.toolRow2{
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
-  gap: 10px;
-  margin-bottom: 12px;
-}
-
-/* Reset stays white text */
-.btnReset{ color: rgba(255,255,255,.92); }
-
-/* Responsive */
-@media (max-width: 980px){
-  .topGrid{ grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
-  .panelCol{ position: static; }
-  .toolboxToggle{ position: static; align-self: flex-start; }
-}

src/src/styles/global.css

@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-:root{
-  --bg: #1f2027;
-  --panel: #22242d;
-  --panel2: rgba(255,255,255,.04);
-  --text: #e8e8ee;
-  --muted: #a9acb8;
-  --accent: #33ff7a;
-  --accent-dim: rgba(51,255,122,.15);
-  --line: rgba(255,255,255,.12);
-}
-
-*{ box-sizing:border-box; }
-
-body{
-  margin:0;
-  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
-  background: var(--bg);
-  color: var(--text);
-}
-
-.siteHeader{
-  position: sticky;
-  top: 0;
-  z-index: 10;
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,.15);
-  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
-  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.06);
-}
-
-.siteHeaderInner{
-  max-width: 1200px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  padding: 14px 20px;
-  display:flex;
-  align-items:center;
-  justify-content:space-between;
-  gap: 16px;
-}
-
-.brand{
-  color: var(--text);
-  text-decoration:none;
-  font-weight: 900;
-  letter-spacing:.02em;
-}
-
-.nav{
-  display:flex;
-  gap: 14px;
-  flex-wrap:wrap;
-  justify-content:flex-end;
-}
-.nav a{
-  color: var(--muted);
-  text-decoration:none;
-  font-weight: 700;
-  font-size: 14px;
-}
-.nav a:hover{ color: var(--text); }
-
-.siteMain{
-  min-height: calc(100vh - 140px);
-}
-
-.siteFooter{
-  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08);
-  margin-top: 32px;
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,.10);
-}
-
-.siteFooterInner{
-  max-width: 1200px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  padding: 18px 20px 26px;
-  color: var(--muted);
-  font-size: 12px;
-  line-height: 1.6;
-}
-
-.footerTitle{
-  color: var(--text);
-  opacity:.9;
-  font-weight: 800;
-  margin-bottom: 6px;
-}

src/src/styles/site.css

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-:root{
-  --bg: #1f2027;
-  --panel: rgba(255,255,255,.04);
-  --panel-border: rgba(255,255,255,.10);
-  --text: #e8e8ee;
-  --muted: #a9acb8;
-  --accent: #33ff7a;
-  --accent-dim: rgba(51,255,122,.15);
-  --line: rgba(255,255,255,.12);
-}
-
-*{ box-sizing: border-box; }
-
-body{
-  margin:0;
-  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
-  background: var(--bg);
-  color: var(--text);
-}
-
-.site-header{
-  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08);
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,.12);
-}
-
-.site-header__inner{
-  max-width: 1200px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  padding: 14px 20px;
-  display:flex;
-  align-items:center;
-  justify-content:space-between;
-  gap: 18px;
-}
-
-.brand{
-  font-weight: 800;
-  letter-spacing: .02em;
-}
-
-.nav{
-  display:flex;
-  gap: 14px;
-  flex-wrap: wrap;
-  justify-content:flex-end;
-}
-
-.nav__link{
-  color: var(--muted);
-  text-decoration:none;
-  font-weight: 700;
-  font-size: 13px;
-}
-.nav__link:hover{ color: var(--text); }
-
-.site-main{
-  max-width: 1200px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  padding: 28px 20px 40px;
-  min-height: calc(100vh - 140px);
-}
-
-.site-footer{
-  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08);
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,.10);
-}
-
-.site-footer__inner{
-  max-width: 1200px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  padding: 16px 20px;
-  color: var(--muted);
-  font-size: 12px;
-  line-height: 1.5;
-}

src/styles/base.css

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/* src/styles/base.css */
+@import "./md3-tokens.css";
+html, body{ height:100%; }
+body{
+ margin:0;
+ font-family: var(--font-sans);
+ background: var(--md-surface-2);
+ color: var(--md-on-surface);
+}
+a{ color: var(--md-primary); text-decoration: none; }
+a:hover{ text-decoration: underline; }
+.container{
+ max-width: 1100px;
+ margin: 0 auto;
+ padding: 16px;
+}
+.card{
+ background: var(--md-surface);
+ border: 1px solid var(--md-outline);
+ border-radius: var(--radius-2);
+ box-shadow: var(--shadow-1);
+ padding: 16px;
+}
+.btn{
+ display:inline-flex;
+ gap:8px;
+ align-items:center;
+ justify-content:center;
+ border-radius: 999px;
+ border: 1px solid var(--md-outline);
+ background: var(--md-surface);
+ color: var(--md-on-surface);
+ padding: 10px 14px;
+ font-weight: 600;
+ cursor: pointer;
+}
+.btn:hover{ filter: brightness(0.98); }
+.btn:focus{ outline:none; box-shadow: var(--md-focus); }
+.btn-primary{
+ background: var(--md-primary);
+ color: var(--md-on-primary);
+ border-color: transparent;
+}
+.badge{
+ display:inline-block;
+ padding: 2px 10px;
+ border-radius: 999px;
+ font-size: 12px;
+ border: 1px solid var(--md-outline);
+ background: var(--md-surface-2);
+}
+code, pre{ font-family: var(--font-mono); }

src/styles/binary.css

@@ -1,326 +1,68 @@
-/* Binary page styles (moved OUT of binary.astro) */
+.binary-container {
-
+  max-width: 1100px;
-:root{
+  margin: auto;
-  --panel-w: 360px;
+  padding: 2rem;
-  --gap: 22px;
+  color: #e0e0e0;
 }
 
-.wrap{
+.display {
-  max-width: 1400px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  padding: 26px 20px 48px;
-  position: relative;
-}
-
-.topGrid{
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: 1fr var(--panel-w);
-  gap: var(--gap);
-  align-items: start;
-}
-
-/* When toolbox is hidden, reclaim space + centre content */
-body.toolboxClosed .topGrid{
-  grid-template-columns: 1fr;
-}
-body.toolboxClosed #toolboxPanel{
-  display: none;
-}
-
-.mainCol{
-  min-width: 0;
-}
-
-.readout{
   text-align: center;
-  margin-top: 8px;
 }
 
-.label{
+.label {
-  opacity: .8;
+  font-size: 1.2rem;
-  letter-spacing: .12em;
+  opacity: 0.7;
-  text-transform: uppercase;
-  font-size: 12px;
 }
 
-/* IMPORTANT: allow shrinking below 4 bits (no min-width!) */
+.number {
-.num{
+  font-size: 3rem;
-  display: inline-block;
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
-  width: fit-content;
+  color: #00ff66;
-  max-width: 100%;
-  white-space: pre-line; /* allows JS \n wraps */
-  letter-spacing: 2px;
 }
 
-.denaryValue{
+.controls {
-  font-size: 54px;
+  margin-top: 1rem;
-  margin: 6px 0 10px;
 }
 
-.binaryValue{
+.controls button {
-  font-size: 56px;
+  margin: 0.25rem;
-  margin: 4px 0 18px;
+  padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
+  font-size: 1rem;
 }
 
-.divider{
+.bits {
-  height: 1px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.10);
-  margin: 14px auto 24px;
-  max-width: 900px;
-}
-
-.bitsWrap{
-  padding-top: 6px;
-}
-
-.bitsGrid{
   display: grid;
-  gap: 24px;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(8, 1fr);
-  justify-content: center;
+  gap: 1rem;
+  margin-top: 3rem;
 }
 
-/* Default: a single row of bits (will wrap automatically as bit count grows) */
+.bit {
-.bitsGrid{
+  width: 40px;
-  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(110px, 1fr));
+  height: 80px;
-  max-width: 1200px;
+  background: #333;
-  margin: 0 auto;
+  border-radius: 20px;
-}
-
-.bitsGrid.bitsFew{
-  justify-content: center;
-}
-
-/* Bit tile */
-.bit{
-  display: grid;
-  justify-items: center;
-  gap: 8px;
-}
-
-.bulb{
-  font-size: 32px; /* JS also bumps this */
-  line-height: 1;
-  opacity: .45;
-}
-
-.bitVal{
-  font-size: 22px;
-  line-height: 1.05;
-  text-align: center;
-  white-space: nowrap; /* keep -128 on one line */
-}
-
-/* Switch (existing classes assumed) */
-.switch{
   position: relative;
-  display: inline-block;
+  cursor: pointer;
-  width: 52px;
-  height: 28px;
-}
-.switch input{ display:none; }
-.slider{
-  position:absolute;
-  inset:0;
-  border-radius:999px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.18);
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14);
-}
-.slider:before{
-  content:"";
-  position:absolute;
-  height: 22px;
-  width: 22px;
-  left: 3px;
-  top: 2.5px;
-  border-radius: 999px;
-  background: #fff;
-  transition: transform .18s ease;
-}
-.switch input:checked + .slider:before{
-  transform: translateX(22px);
 }
 
-/* Toolbox toggle button */
+.bit::after {
-.toolboxToggle{
+  content: "";
+  width: 32px;
+  height: 32px;
+  background: #555;
+  border-radius: 50%;
   position: absolute;
-  right: 20px;
+  bottom: 6px;
-  top: 18px;
+  left: 4px;
-  z-index: 20;
+  transition: all 0.2s ease;
-  display: inline-flex;
-  align-items: center;
-  gap: 10px;
-  padding: 10px 14px;
-  border-radius: 12px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.06);
-  color: rgba(255,255,255,.92);
-  cursor: pointer;
-}
-.toolboxText{
-  letter-spacing: .12em;
-  font-weight: 900;
 }
 
-/* Toolbox panel */
+.bit.on {
-.panelCol{
+  background: #00c853;
-  position: sticky;
-  top: calc(var(--nav-h, 72px) + 18px);
-  align-self: start;
-  display: grid;
-  gap: 16px;
 }
 
-/* Cards */
+.bit.on::after {
-.card{
+  bottom: 42px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
+  background: #eaffea;
-  border-radius: 16px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.05);
-  padding: 14px;
-}
-.cardTitle{
-  opacity: .8;
-  letter-spacing: .14em;
-  text-transform: uppercase;
-  font-size: 12px;
-  margin-bottom: 10px;
-}
-
-.hint{
-  opacity: .7;
-  font-size: 11px;
-  margin-top: 10px;
-  line-height: 1.35;
-}
-
-/* Keep mode labels on one line */
-.toggleRow{
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
-  gap: 10px;
-  align-items: center;
-}
-.toggleLabel{
-  font-size: 12px;
-  font-weight: 800;
-  letter-spacing: .12em;
-  text-transform: uppercase;
-  white-space: nowrap;
-}
-
-.subCard{
-  margin-top: 12px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.10);
-  border-radius: 14px;
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,.12);
-  padding: 12px;
-}
-.subTitle{
-  opacity: .8;
-  letter-spacing: .14em;
-  text-transform: uppercase;
-  font-size: 11px;
-  margin-bottom: 10px;
-}
-
-.bitWidthRow{
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: 44px 1fr 44px;
-  gap: 10px;
-  align-items: center;
-}
-
-.bitInputWrap{
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
-  gap: 10px;
-  align-items: center;
-  padding: 10px 12px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.10);
-  border-radius: 12px;
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.04);
-}
-.bitInputLabel{
-  opacity: .75;
-  letter-spacing: .14em;
-  text-transform: uppercase;
-  font-size: 11px;
-  white-space: nowrap;
-}
-.bitInput{
-  width: 100%;
-  min-width: 0;
-  background: transparent;
-  border: none;
-  outline: none;
-  color: inherit;
-  font-size: 20px;
-  text-align: right;
-}
-
-.miniBtn{
-  height: 44px;
-  border-radius: 12px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.06);
-  color: rgba(255,255,255,.9);
-  font-size: 18px;
-  cursor: pointer;
-}
-
-/* Buttons */
-.controlsRow{
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
-  gap: 10px;
-  margin-bottom: 10px;
-}
-
-.btn{
-  border-radius: 12px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.06);
-  color: rgba(255,255,255,.92);
-  padding: 12px 12px;
-  font-weight: 800;
-  letter-spacing: .10em;
-  text-transform: uppercase;
-  cursor: pointer;
-}
-.btnWide{ width: 100%; }
-
-.btnAccent{
-  background: rgba(0,255,140,.12);
-  border-color: rgba(0,255,140,.22);
-}
-
-.toolRowCentered{
-  display: flex;
-  justify-content: center;
-  gap: 12px;
-  margin: 10px 0 12px;
-}
-
-.toolBtn{
-  width: 56px;
-  height: 56px;
-  border-radius: 14px;
-  border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12);
-  background: rgba(255,255,255,.06);
-  color: rgba(255,255,255,.92);
-  font-size: 18px;
-  cursor: pointer;
-}
-.toolDec{ background: rgba(255,0,0,.14); border-color: rgba(255,0,0,.20); }
-.toolInc{ background: rgba(0,255,140,.14); border-color: rgba(0,255,140,.20); }
-
-.toolRow2{
-  display: grid;
-  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
-  gap: 10px;
-  margin-bottom: 12px;
-}
-
-/* Reset stays white text */
-.btnReset{
-  color: rgba(255,255,255,.92);
 }

src/styles/fonts.css

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+@font-face {
+  font-family: "DSEG7";
+  src: url("/fonts/DSEG7Classic-Regular.ttf") format("truetype");
+  font-weight: normal;
+  font-style: normal;
+}
+
+.dseg {
+  font-family: "DSEG7", monospace;
+  letter-spacing: 0.15em;
+}

src/styles/global.css

@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-:root{
-  --bg: #1f2027;
-  --panel: #22242d;
-  --panel2: rgba(255,255,255,.04);
-  --text: #e8e8ee;
-  --muted: #a9acb8;
-  --accent: #33ff7a;
-  --accent-dim: rgba(51,255,122,.15);
-  --line: rgba(255,255,255,.12);
-}
-
-*{ box-sizing:border-box; }
-
-body{
-  margin:0;
-  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
-  background: var(--bg);
-  color: var(--text);
-}
-
-.siteHeader{
-  position: sticky;
-  top: 0;
-  z-index: 10;
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,.15);
-  backdrop-filter: blur(8px);
-  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.06);
-}
-
-.siteHeaderInner{
-  max-width: 1200px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  padding: 14px 20px;
-  display:flex;
-  align-items:center;
-  justify-content:space-between;
-  gap: 16px;
-}
-
-.brand{
-  color: var(--text);
-  text-decoration:none;
-  font-weight: 900;
-  letter-spacing:.02em;
-}
-
-.nav{
-  display:flex;
-  gap: 14px;
-  flex-wrap:wrap;
-  justify-content:flex-end;
-}
-.nav a{
-  color: var(--muted);
-  text-decoration:none;
-  font-weight: 700;
-  font-size: 14px;
-}
-.nav a:hover{ color: var(--text); }
-
-.siteMain{
-  min-height: calc(100vh - 140px);
-}
-
-.siteFooter{
-  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08);
-  margin-top: 32px;
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,.10);
-}
-
-.siteFooterInner{
-  max-width: 1200px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  padding: 18px 20px 26px;
-  color: var(--muted);
-  font-size: 12px;
-  line-height: 1.6;
-}
-
-.footerTitle{
-  color: var(--text);
-  opacity:.9;
-  font-weight: 800;
-  margin-bottom: 6px;
-}

src/styles/md3-tokens.css

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/* src/styles/md3-tokens.css */
+/* MD3-inspired tokens tuned for education: high readability, clear contrast, calm surfaces */
+:root{
+ /* Typography */
+ --font-sans: system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
+ --font-mono: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", monospace;
+ /* Spacing + shape */
+ --radius-1: 10px;
+ --radius-2: 16px;
+ --radius-3: 22px;
+ --shadow-1: 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.08), 0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.06);
+ /* Color roles (keep simple) */
+ --md-surface: #ffffff;
+ --md-surface-2: #f6f7fb;
+ --md-on-surface: #111318;
+ --md-primary: #2f6fed; /* calm blue */
+ --md-on-primary: #ffffff;
+ --md-secondary: #5a5f72; /* muted */
+ --md-on-secondary: #ffffff;
+ --md-tertiary: #0f766e; /* teal for "practical" tools */
+ --md-on-tertiary: #ffffff;
+ --md-outline: #d7dbe7;
+ --md-success: #1a7f37;
+ --md-warning: #b54708;
+ --md-danger: #b42318;
+ /* Focus ring for accessibility */
+ --md-focus: 0 0 0 3px rgba(47,111,237,.28);
+}
+@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark){
+ :root{
+ --md-surface: #0b0e14;
+ --md-surface-2: #121725;
+ --md-on-surface: #e8eaf2;
+ --md-primary: #9bb6ff;
+ --md-on-primary: #0b0e14;
+ --md-secondary: #b8bccd;
+ --md-on-secondary: #0b0e14;
+ --md-tertiary: #4fd1c5;
+ --md-on-tertiary: #0b0e14;
+ --md-outline: #2b3244;
+ --md-focus: 0 0 0 3px rgba(155,182,255,.25);
+ }
+}

src/styles/site.css

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-:root{
-  --bg: #1f2027;
-  --panel: rgba(255,255,255,.04);
-  --panel-border: rgba(255,255,255,.10);
-  --text: #e8e8ee;
-  --muted: #a9acb8;
-  --accent: #33ff7a;
-  --accent-dim: rgba(51,255,122,.15);
-  --line: rgba(255,255,255,.12);
-}
-
-*{ box-sizing: border-box; }
-
-body{
-  margin:0;
-  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, Segoe UI, Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
-  background: var(--bg);
-  color: var(--text);
-}
-
-.site-header{
-  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08);
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,.12);
-}
-
-.site-header__inner{
-  max-width: 1200px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  padding: 14px 20px;
-  display:flex;
-  align-items:center;
-  justify-content:space-between;
-  gap: 18px;
-}
-
-.brand{
-  font-weight: 800;
-  letter-spacing: .02em;
-}
-
-.nav{
-  display:flex;
-  gap: 14px;
-  flex-wrap: wrap;
-  justify-content:flex-end;
-}
-
-.nav__link{
-  color: var(--muted);
-  text-decoration:none;
-  font-weight: 700;
-  font-size: 13px;
-}
-.nav__link:hover{ color: var(--text); }
-
-.site-main{
-  max-width: 1200px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  padding: 28px 20px 40px;
-  min-height: calc(100vh - 140px);
-}
-
-.site-footer{
-  border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08);
-  background: rgba(0,0,0,.10);
-}
-
-.site-footer__inner{
-  max-width: 1200px;
-  margin: 0 auto;
-  padding: 16px 20px;
-  color: var(--muted);
-  font-size: 12px;
-  line-height: 1.5;
-}